非谓语复习总结.pptVIP

-ing形式: 1 一般式doing 表示的动作和谓语的动作同时发生。 Using the book, I find it useful. 2 完成式having+done表示的动作在谓语动词所表示 的动作之前发生。 Not having received a reply, he decided to write again. 3一般式被动 Being surrounded by a crowd of fans, he can’t move a step further. 4完成被动式 Having been criticized by the teacher, Li Ming gave up smoking。 * 按动词是否作谓语可以分为谓语动词和非谓语动词 语气 语态 时态 数 人称 举 例 意 义 形 式 1、谓语动词(如下) 与主语在人称一致 与主语在人称一致 表示动作发生的时间 主语是动作的发生者或者承受者 说话人表达事实、要求、愿望等 He is a student.第三人称 I am reading now. 第一人称 He writes well. 第三人称单数 He wrote a letter to me last month. 过去时态 We study English.主动 The road was filled with rubbish. 被动 He has flown to America. 事实 I wish I could fly to the moon some day. 愿望 Open the door to let the air in. 要求 2、非谓语动词 过去分词 现在分词 分词 动名词 不定式 举例 用途 意义 形式 起形容词和名词作用 可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语 It takes me 20 minutes to go to school 起名词作用 作主. 宾.表.定语 She likes reading. 起形容词、副词作用，表主动 作表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语 The steam is seen rising from the wet clothes. 起形容词、副词作用，表被动 The cup is broken. 非谓语动词的逻辑主语： 谓语动词需要真正的主语指明动作的发出者，而非谓语动词是不用作谓语的动词,所以它没有真正的主语。但是，作为动词的一种形式,非谓语动词也应有自己理论上或逻辑上的主语,即动作涉及的对象. It is interesting for me to read this story. 请指出句子中非谓语动词的逻辑主语： I often hear him singing this song. I often hear this song sung. I saw her being taken to the operating room. (1)（主语一致）分词作状语，它的逻辑主语通常应是 句子主语，否则会出错。 Finding her car stolen, ______. A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help （2）分词的独立主格结构 A 若主语不一致，则应改用其他句型： 误：Crossing the road, a car knocked him down. 正：Crossing the road, he was knocked down by a car. 正：When he was crossing the road, a car knocked him down. B 主语不一致还可在分词前加一个名词或代词，使之成为 分词的逻辑主语，构成分词的独立主格结构. 独立主格结构: 1“名词/代词+分词”，通常作状语。 Her son being ill, she had to stay at home looking after him. There being ice on the road, I told the driver to slow down. Work finished, he left ho