断层论文：断层采动效应及其工程应用研究.docVIP

断层论文：断层采动效应及其工程应用研究 【中文摘要】矿井水害问题是影响和制约我国煤炭生产及煤炭产量的最大障碍之一。尤其是近几年来,随着矿井向深部的不断延伸,突水灾害愈发严重,其中80%突水事故都是由断层引起的。大量工程实例表明：绝大多数断层突水都是由采动影响所引发的。因此,对采动影响下断层及围岩的变形破坏规律的研究便成为防治断层突水的关键问题。本论文从断层活化突水的影响因素出发,以淮北矿区和大屯矿区煤系地层为基础,建立了不同的断层力学模型,采用数值模拟的手段,研究了不同影响因素下断层的采动效应特征。并结合龙东矿21煤试采区F6断层及任楼矿中五采区F5断层的实际,综合分析了采动影响下断层及围岩的变形破坏特征,结合理论计算,确定了防水煤柱宽度,为煤矿安全开采提供了科学依据。取得的主要成果如下：(1)在相同的开采条件下,不同影响因素下(地应力、断层与煤层距离)的含断层底板,其采动效应不同。水平应力越大,底板破坏深度愈大,水平应力在垂直应力的2倍以内时,断层的“屏蔽”作用明显。断层对底板破坏深度起控制作用,且断层距煤层越近,其控制作用越明显。大于此值时,断层“屏蔽”作用消失,其破坏不受断层影响。(2)通过正交实验法对断层落差、倾角、宽度对顶板采动效应影响做了研究,得出：断层带宽度对顶板冒落带影响最大,倾角次之,落差最小。而断层倾角对裂隙带的高度影响最大,断层带宽度次之,落差影响最小。倾角越小,裂隙带高度越大。(3)同一煤层断层两盘都开采,不同的开采顺序其采动效应不同。断层为正断层,单独开采两盘时,先开采上盘煤层对断层影响较大。先开采上盘再开采下盘时,由于受上盘开挖影响,导致断层影响带范围增大,对下盘开采不利。建议先从下盘开采；断层为逆断层时,先开采下盘对上盘开采不利,建议先从上盘开采。(4)断层一侧近距离煤层开采时,采动叠加效应的影响主要体现在对裂隙带高度的影响上。上部煤层的煤柱宽度对下部煤层的煤柱留设起决定性的作用,上部煤层的煤柱宽度较大时,下部煤层煤柱宽度可相应减小。图表参 【英文摘要】The mine water calamity is one of the biggest obstacles to influence and restrict the coal production and output in our contoury.Especially in recent years, water inrush has become more serious as the mine continues to extend to the deep of earth,80 percent of water inrush accidents are caused by fault. A lot of engineering examples show that most of water inrush accidents are caused by mining effect. Therefore, the research of fault and surrounding rock deformation and damage law under the influence of mining became the key problem to prevenet water inrush through fault.This paper from the influence factors of water inrush through fault, based on the stratigraphic of HuaiBei coal mine and DaTun coal mine, build different models of fault, used the method of numerical simulation, study on the characteristics of mining effect of fault under the different impact factors. Combined with the priactice of the F6 fault in LongDong ore NO.21 coal mine and the F5 fault in the actual five mining area of RenLou mine, and analyzed the fault and surrounding rock deformation and damage characteristics under the influence of mining, and combi