發展中國家失業問題的範圍證據和觀念.pptVIP

Labor, Unemployment, and Urbanization六講：勞動力、失業、都市化 Todaro Chapter 7 Perkins 5th Ed Chapter 8 本講大綱 緒論Introduction 發展中國家失業問題的範圍：證據和觀念 決定就業的經濟模型 技術與就業 (Perkins et al. , Ch. 8) 其他就業政策Other employment policies 就業創造策略Employment Creation Strategies 都市化及農村─都市遷移 作業 Homework for the next session 緒論Introduction 西方先進國家發展經驗：都市工業化和農業機械化使人力有系統的從農村移轉到都市。 有些經濟學家認為發展中國家也應如此，促進都市工業化使經濟快速成長，但效果不彰。 就業問題的範圍超出只是工作機會的缺乏或人民的低使用率及低生產力。 發展中國家就業問題史無前例，需用非傳統性的經濟分析，理由 : 討論就業問題:*** 解答兩個問題 發展中國家的都市化過程與發達國家的經驗大不相同 全球化與知識經濟下的白領階級失業問題 The Employment Problem: Some Basic Issues Developing countries are plagued by: massive rural-to-urban migration stagnating agricultural productivity increasing underemployment and unemployment Unemployment and underemployment affect a larger proportion of LDC labor forces The Employment Problem: Some Basic Issues, cont’d LDC employment problems have more complicated causes than those in the developed world Employment problems in LDCs are associated with abject poverty 發展中國家失業問題的範圍：證據和觀念 就業和失業：趨勢和預估 Dimensions of LDC Unemployment: Evidence and Concepts Employment and unemployment: trends and projections 就業問題四面觀 受過教育的失業者。Table 7.3 自行就業(self-employment)。 Table 7.4 婦女與就業 . Table 7.5 青年失業和童工. Table 7.6 Dimensions of LDC Unemployment: Evidence and Concepts Employment and unemployment: trends and projections Four dimensions of the employment problem the educated unemployed Dimensions of LDC Unemployment: Evidence and Concepts Employment and unemployment: trends and projections Four dimensions of the employment problem the educated unemployed self-employment Dimensions of LDC Unemployment: Evidence and Concepts Employment and unemployment: trends and projections Four dimensions of the employment problem the educated unemployed self-employment women and employment Dimensions of LDC Unemployment: Evidence and Concepts Employment and unemployment: trends and projections Four dimensions of the employment problem the educated unemployed self-employment wome