各类光谱仪及道理（国外英文资料）.docVIP

各种光谱仪及原理（国外英文资料） The classification of the common laboratory spectrometer and the number of clicks of each principle: 196 release time: 2011-11-22 Spectrometer, also called spectrometer. A device that measures the strength of the spectral line at different wavelengths at different wavelengths. Its structure consists of an incident slit, a dispersion system, an imaging system and one or more of the shooting slit. In dispersion element radiation sources of electromagnetic radiation wavelength or isolated need wavelength region, and on the selected wavelength (or scan) a band intensity determined. It is divided into monochromator and polychromator. Here are several kinds of commonly used laboratory spectrometer was introduced including its basic principle, they respectively are: fluorescence direct reading spectrometer, infrared spectrometer, direct reading spectrometer, imaging spectrometer. The principle of fluorescence direct reading spectrometer: When energy is higher than the inner electron binding energy of the atom high-energy x-rays and atomic collision, expulsion of an inner electron and a hole, make whole atomic system is in unstable excited, excited atoms life about 12 (10) -- - (10) - 14 s, then spontaneously by the high energy of state transition to a low energy state. This process is called launch. Launch process can be either is radiative transition, also can be radiative transition. When electron transition to the outer cavity, the energy released by immediately inside the atomic absorption and expulsion another outer secondary photoelectron, this is called the auger effect, which is also called photoelectric effect and no radiation effect, secondary photoelectron called out by auger electron. It is characteristic of energy, has nothing to do with the energy of the incident radiation. When the outer electrons jump into atoms in the energy released by the inner hole is not be absorbed, but released in the form of radiation, X-ray fluorescence occurs, th