工程测量 摘要1（国外英文资料）.docVIP

工程测量 摘要1（国外英文资料） Engineering is usually divided into three stages: planning (design), construction (construction or production) and operation (management or use). Engineering measurement is the application of surveying and mapping theory and methods for various projects in planning (design), construction (production), operation (management or use). The technology to provide product location, shape and size assurance and service. The measuring accuracy of the project is divided into general engineering measures and precision engineering measures. Engineering surveying task: the main task of the planning stage is the survey of the project, surveying and mapping all kinds of scale topographic maps, and carrying out the establishment of the control net. In the area of poor geological conditions, the stability monitoring of the formation is also carried out. The main tasks of the construction phase are construction survey and supervision measurement. The construction measure is to calibrate the location of the project design target. As the basis of the construction, the construction control network is established and the construction work is done. Safety monitoring is the main task of the project operation phase. Engineering measurement work content: control network establishment (stages of mapping, construction, installation and control network and distortion control network); Topographic mapping Construction release (construction phase); Quality inspection (construction phase); Deformation monitoring (engineering construction, operation phase). The establishment of the engineering control network: the project control network has the function of controlling the whole, providing the reference and controlling the accumulation of error. The project control network is divided into the control net, the construction control network, the installation control network and the deformation control net. The latter is collectively referred to as the special control network. The cha