透过英汉习语浅析中西文化差异.doc

透过英汉习语浅析中西文化差 摘要：习语是一种在结构和意义上都具有稳定性的语言结构。习语精辟、生动、优美、形象、寓意深刻，是反映文化概貌的一面镜子，具有鲜明的民族文化特征。中西两种文化孕育了各具民族特色的习语。文章从地域环境、国俗语义、价值观念这三个方面通过举例对比的方法，分析了英汉习语产生的涵义，指出不同的语言承载各自不同的文化和习惯，使英语学习者了解英汉习语所依托的深层文化差异。作者建议在英语教学过程中应树立跨文化意识，教师在向学生传播语言的同时同步传授文化知识，加强文化意识教学。同时参照奈达的转换生成翻译法，作者浅谈了在英汉习语学习过程中应如何正确处理中英文化差异，从而帮助学习者在跨文化交际中更加得体地、自如地使用所学的语言。 关键词：中西方文化，习语，差异 Abstract: Idioms are language structures of stability both in structure and meaning. Idioms are penetrating, vivid, graceful, imaginative and pregnant with meaning. Idioms of a nation, which we may compare to a mirror, best reflect the peculiar features of the nation’s culture. Both Chinese culture and English culture have created a large number of idioms with distinctive national characteristics. This essay analyzes and contrasts the origins and meanings of Chinese and English idioms from regional environment, national cultural annotations and values to point out the different language bearing different culture and the custom. The author tries to let the English learners understand the deep cultural differences between English and Chinese idioms, and give advice to the English teaching, that is, to set up cultural sense, while teaching the language they should teach the cultural information and strengthen the cultural awareness at the same time. She also combines with the effective way in translation to convey the cultural differences to target language readers to briefly discuss how to deal with the cultural differences exactly, and help the learners to use the language more naturally and appropriately in the cross cultural communication. Key words: Chinese and western cultures, idioms, differences 引言 语言是文化的容器和载体。习语又是语言的精华的核心，体现了强烈的文化特征和文化负载。“习语是指一种语言经过长时间地使用提炼出来的固定的词组、短语和短句。它包括成语（set phrases）、典故（allusions）、谚语（proverbs）、格言（saying）、俗语（colloquialisms）、俚语（slangs）和歇后语（rest-ending saying or postpause expressions）。具有言简意赅、形象生动的特点。”李儒寿习语是一种在意义和结构上都比较稳定的语言结构。这种结构上的稳定性应归结于它是一种历史和文化沉淀的产物，具有鲜明的文化烙印。每个民族都有体现本民族文化的习语，这些习语反映了该民族对世界、对生活的观点，是反个民族文化差异的