名词性从句的译法.ppt

名词性从句的翻译  Translation of English Nominal Clauses 英语名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句四类。这些从句的翻译一般按原句的语序处理即可，相对比较容易，但有时也可以译为并列分句、定语从句或其它形式的句子。 如果名词性从句包含两层以上的意思，需要把主句与从句分开译。一般先译出从句，放在句首，然后用汉语的复指代词“这”“那”，与主句的其他成分连成一句。同位语从句的翻译与定语从句的翻译非常近似，可以将同位语从句放在名词前，相当于前置的修饰语，但不必使用定语的标志“的”字；可以保持原句的语序，译为后置的并列句，加入冒号、破折号或“这样”、“这…”、“那就是”、“即”等字眼；也可以改变原句的同位语结构，采用汉语的无主句或其它方式的译法。 1 名词性从句译成并列分句 例1：That those who had learned from us now excelled us was a real challenge.(主语从句) 【译文】向我们学习过的人反倒超过了我们，这对我们的确是一个促进。 例2：I take it for granted that you will come and talk the matter over with him.（it作形式宾语） 【译文】我理所当然地认为，你会来跟他谈这件事的。 例3：Another cause of obscurity is that the writer is himself not quite sure of his meaning. (表语从句) 【译文】写不清楚还有一个原因，那就是作者自己对于所要表达的意思也不是很有把握。 例4：It was plain to see how old and firm the girlish heart had grown under the discipline of heavy sorrow. (it作形式主语) 【译文】一望便知，在沉重痛苦的磨炼下，她那颗少女之心已经变得多么苍老，多么坚韧。 例5：Many foster parents are driving by the belief that they have rescued society’s most unwanted children. (同位语从句) 【译文】很多养父母都有这样一个信念，那就是他们挽救了社会上最没人想要的孩子。 例6：Does it require deep intuition to comprehend that man’s ideas, views and conception, in one word, man’s consciousness, changes with every change in the conditions of his material existence, in his social relations and his social life? (宾语从句) 【译文】人们的观念、观点和概念，简单一句话，人们的意识随着物质存在的每一个变化而变化，随着社会关系和社会生活的每一个变化而变，要理解这一点，难道还需要深思熟虑吗？ 例1：Where you stumble becomes your opportunity to make corrections, to learn and grow. 【译文】你跌倒的地方就是你改正错误、汲取教训、开始成长的地方。 2 名词性从句译成定语从句 有些名词性从句，特别是以what, whatever, where, wherever, when, whenever 等引导的名词性从句，常可把指代的名词译出来，变成定语从句。 例2：This is where the shoe pinches. 【译文】这就是问题的症结所在。 例3：A principle of science tells what usually happens under certain condition. 【译文】科学原理告诉我们在一定条件下所会发生的事情。 例4：Whatever he saw and heard on his trip gave him a very deep impression. 【译文】他此行所见所闻都给他留下了深刻的印象。 例5：Since hearing her predicament, I’ve always arranged to meet people where they or I can be reached in case of delay. 【