中美面子观差异.docVIP

On Cultural Differences Between American and Chinese Face Perspectives Abstract: Politeness is a symbol of human civilization and the feature of all the civilized society. It is not only universal but also culturally specific. Two countries like America and China have different cultures which lead to different realization on politeness. As one theory of politeness principle, the face perspective is also different. The paper introduces the different face perspectives between America and China and analyzes cultural differences behind them and their corresponding reasons. At first, this paper tries to introduce different concepts of face between America and China by quoting and analyzing some scholars’ opinions on face, such as Goffman, Brown Levinson and Hu Hsienchin’s. Next step, this paper tries to discuss the cultural conflicts behind different concepts of face, for instance, American individualism and Chinese collectivism, American negative face and Chinese positive face and American equality and Chinese hierarchy, and analyzes the reasons from different aspects including history, culture, thinking patterns, national characters and traditional ideology, etc. Finally, in order to reduce barriers caused by different concepts of face in cross-cultural communication, this paper further suggests that it is necessary to understand mutual different concepts of face by trying to be direct when among the Americans and trying to be euphemistic when among the Chinese. And the paper also believes that based on better understanding of mutual face perspectives and more effective communication between America and China, the friendship between the two countries will be promoted. Key words: Cross-cultural communication; cultural difference; face perspective; 从面子观看中美文化差异 摘要：礼貌是人类文明的标志，也是所有文明的特征。礼貌既是一种普遍现象，又是一种个性化的交际原则。像中美这两个拥有不同文化背景的国家，其文化的不同必然导致人们对礼貌有着不同的认识。面子观，作为礼貌原则之一，在这两个国家自然有着不同的理解。本文介绍了中美不同的面子观并分析了不同面子观背后反映出来的不同的文化和相应的原因。作者通过引用像高夫曼，布朗和列文森Contents Introduction……………………………………