初二语法试题及答案.docx

语法1. 一般过去时定义：过去发生的动作或状态标志词：in the past … two days ago yesterday last night 句型转换：肯定句：主+动词过去式+其它In the past, people liked travelling by bus 过去人们喜欢乘公交车旅行。否定句：主+didn’t+动词原形+其它He didn’t play football last year.他去年不玩足球。一般疑问句：Did+主+动词原形+其它Did he play football yesterday？他昨天玩足球了吗？2. There be 句型的过去时及将来时过去时：There was/were There was a tree in front of the house last year. 将来时：There will be There will be more trees in the park in 5 years’ time. 三. 必会短语1. in the past 在过去2. travel by bus 乘公交车旅行3. buy tickets 买票4.collect … from…从…收集…5. put… in …放…进…6. in 10 years ’ time 十年后7. traffic jams 交通堵塞8. not… any longer 不再…9. draw a poster 画海报10. think about 考虑11. discuss with sb与…讨论12. agree on sth赞同某事四. 必会句型1. In the past, many people liked travelling by bus. 过去人们喜欢乘公交车旅行。2. There was a bus conductor in each bus. 过去每辆车里都有一名售票员。3. Nowadays some of the bus-drivers are women. 如今公交司机中的一些是女的。4. In ten years’ time there will be fewer traffic jams. 十年后将有更少的交通堵塞。5. Perhaps we won’t travel by ferry any longer. 可能我们将不再乘坐渡轮旅行。五. 重难点解析1. There was a bus-conductor in each bus.在每辆公共汽车里都有一个公共汽车售票员. （1）There be +某物+某处表示在某处有某物。主语为某物，因此be 的形式取决于某物。如：There is a book on the desk. 书桌上有一本书。There are some students in the classroom.教室里有一些学生。当某物是多个事物时，be的形式与最近的名词一致。如：There is a book and two pens in my hand. 在我的手里有一本书和两支钢笔。There are two pens and a book in my hand .我手里有两支钢笔和一本书。There be 与have的区别：have的主语通常是人，表示某人拥有、所有，通常没有地点状语。如：I have a car.我有一辆车。It has two eyes .它有一双大眼睛。（2）each 在此处是形容词，作定语，表示“每一个”。“each+ 名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：Each student has a book.每个学生都有一本书。each 还可以用作代词和同位语，作代词时，谓语动词用单数。作同位语时，谓语动词和主语一致。如：Each of us has his duty.我们每个人都有自己的责任。We each have a story-book. 我们每个人都有一本故事书。2. They put their money in a fare-box instead 他们把钱放在投币箱里。instead这个副词有“代替”的意思，在一定的上下文中使用。如：I couldn’t go ,so he went instead. 我去不了，因此他代替我去的。He is tired, let me go instead.他累了，让我去吧。If Ann can’t come ,I will come instead.如果安不能来，我就来。在汉语中，instead 常常找不到对应的汉字，但意思却体现在句子中了。instead of 是一个介词短语，意思是“代替”，“而不是…”。后面常跟名词或v-ing形式。如：We’ll have chicken inst