铁路振动与噪声理解和控制.pdf

Understanding and Controlling Noise and Vibration from Railways David Thompson Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, University of Southampton Contents 1. Introduction: railway noise in context 2. Background to noise and vibration 3. Rolling noise 4. Aerodynamic noise 5. Ground-borne noise and vibration 6. Conclusions 2 1 Introduction: railway noise in context • Expansion of railways in urban areas and high speed (‘low carbon’ sustainable transport option) • Reduced journey times facilitate modal shift to rail (especially in range 400 to 800 km) But… • There is a perception that rail is noisy – objections to new railway projects usually dominated by noise. • Railway noise is much more localised than road traffic, affects fewer people, but it is important to them. 3 Noise map example: Southampton Rail Air 4 2 Noise map example: Southampton Road 5 High speed 2 6 3 Railway noise – not a new problem “Now judge, my friend, of my mortification, whilst I am sitting comfortably at breakfast with my family, enjoying the purity of the summer air, in a moment my dwelling … is filled with dense smoke, …. Nothing is heard but the clanking iron, the blasphemous song, or the appalling curses of the directors of