降水影响冬小麦灌溉农田水分渗漏和氮淋失模拟分析_曹巧红.pdfVIP

　2003, 8(1):37～ 42 Journal of China Agricultural University 曹巧红　龚元石 ( , 100094) 　　为了研究降水对根层(1.2 m)水分渗漏和氮淋失的影响, 采用Hydrus-1 模型模拟近30 年实际气候条 下 -2 京郊冬小麦田的水氮运移过程。 结果表明, 传统水肥管理(灌溉量270 mm, 施氮量150 kg·hm )冬小麦农田, 降水 量小于50 mm 时, 水分渗漏量均值为5.0 mm;降水量在50～ 100 mm, 对应水分渗漏量均值为 23.6 mm;当降水量为 100 ～ 150 mm 或大于150 mm 时, 平均水分渗漏量为36.9 或125.6 mm。 对应的氮淋失量分别为1.5、5.8、9.6和40.4 -2 kg·hm 。 水分渗漏及氮淋失主要发生在冬小麦返青期和拔节期灌溉后, 因此应减少早期灌溉量并应避免过早施 肥。水分渗漏量可表示为降水指数的指数函数, 而氮淋失量则与水分渗漏量呈线性相关。在可预测降水条 下, 文中给出的经验关系式可用于估测水分渗漏量和氮淋失量。 　降水量;水分渗漏;氮淋失;模拟 　S 152.42　　　　　1007-4333(2003)01-0037-06　　　　　A A simulative analysis of influence of precipitation on water leakage and nitrogen leaching in irregated farmland Cao Qiaohong, Gong Yuanshi (College of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 1 94, China) Abstract　Climatic factors have evident influences on water and nitrogen behavior and their validity for crop in root zone.The research focused on the influence of precipitation on water leakage and nitrogen leaching in irrigated winter wheat field.The model of Hydrus-1D was used to simulate water movement and nitrogen transport under variable climate of 3 yearswithwinterwheat in suburb of Beijing .The result showed that water leakage and nitrogen leached in irrigated wheat filed were little.When precipitation was less than 5 mm, possible water leakage was 5. mm;it was 23.6 mm when Precipitation was between 5 and 1 mm;Precipitation was between 1 and 15 mm, it was 36.9 mm;Precipitation was more than 15 mm, it was 125.6 mm.And corresponding nitrogen leached were 1.5、 -2 5.8、9.6 and 4 .4