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J. Microbiol. Biotechnol . (2010), 20(11), 1500–1505 doi: 10.4014/jmb.1006.06031 First published online 29 September 2010 Envelope Proteins Pertain with Evolution and Adaptive Mechanism of the Novel Influenza A/H1N1 in Humans 1 1 1 1 1 Mondal, Shakhinur Islam , Abdullah Zubaer , Simrika Thapa , Chinmoy Saha , Md. Asraful Alum , 1 2 1,3* Md. Salman Reza , Arzuba Akter , and Abul Kalam Azad 1Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet-3114, Bangladesh 2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dhaka University, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh 3Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, Shimane 690-8504, Japan Received: June 22, 2010 / Accepted: August 4, 2010 The novel swine-origin influenza A/H1N1 virus (S-OIV) early April 2009 [12]. The virus had spread to 66 countries first detected in April 2009 has been identified to transmit with more than 414,000 laboratory confirmed cases from humans to humans directly and is the cause of the including nearly 5,000 deaths up to 17 October 2009 currently emerged pandemic. In this study, nucleotide and [World Health Organization. 2009. /csr/ deduced amino acid sequences of the hemagglutinin (HA) disease/swineflu/updates/en/index.html]. Since the emergence and neuraminidase (NA) of the S-OIV and other influenza of the pandemic-2009 to 13 June 2010, more than 214 A viruses were analyzed through bioinformatic tools for countries have reported laboratory confirmed cases of the phylogenetic analysis, genetic recombination,