专业英语(abstract).pdfVIP

控制理论和应用 专业英语 The Abstract 潘剑飞 2653-4850 （办公室） pjf@szu.edu.cn 深圳大学机电与控制工程学院 1 1 The Abstract The abstract briefly describes, 1. The objectives and scope of investigation 2. Method used 3. Most important results 4. Conclusion or recommendation 2 The Abstract—features Brevity, accuracy, specificity, objectivity, informativeness, independency, often 100—300 words 3 Length of the abstract 1. In general, there is a 100—300 word limit according to different publications. 2. Do not confuse and abstract with a review. There should be no comment or evaluation of the article 3. Give information only ONCE. 4. Do not repeat the info given in the title 5. Do not include any facts or ides that are not in the text. 6. If reference to procedure is essential, try to restrict it to identification of method or type of process employed. 7. State results, conclusions, or finds in clear and concise fashion. 4 Verbs tenses used 1. Use active verbs and passive verbs 2. Present tense—back ground information, existing facts, conclusions, etc. 3. Past tense—completed research, methodology or major activities and results. 5 Words used 1. Assume the reader has a good general technical vocabulary but try to avoid use of highly specialized words or abbreviations. 2. Do not copy sentences directly from the sections of the paper. Instead, synthesize or rephra