研究生英语综合教程上 unit5原文翻译.doc

Unit?Five? The?term?yoga?comes?from?a?Sanskrit?word?which?means?yoke?or?union.?Traditionally,?yoga?is?a?method?joining?the?individual?self?with?the?Divine,?Universal?Spirit,?or?CosmicConsciousness.?Physical?and?mental?exercises?are?designed?to?help?achieve?this?goal,?also?called?self-transcendence?or?enlightenment.?On?the?physical?level?yoga?postures,?called?asanas,?are?designed?to?tone,?strengthen,and?align?me?body.?These?postures?are?performed?to?make?the?spine?supple?and?healthy?and?to?promote?blood?flow?to?all?the?organs,?glands,?and?tissues,?keeping?all?the?bodily?systems?healthy.?On?the?mental?level,?yoga?uses?breathing?techniques?(pranayama)?and?meditation?(dydna)to?quiet,?clarify,?and?discipline?the?mind.?However,?experts?are?quick?to?point?out?that?yoga?is?not?a?religion,?but?away?of?living?with?health?and?peace?of?mind?as?its?aims.?“瑜伽”这个词源于梵语，意思是“结合”或“联合”传统上瑜伽是一种把个人和神，万物之灵或无穷的意识联合在一起的方法。为了帮助达到这个也被称为“自 我超越”或“启蒙”的目的，设计了身体上和精神上的锻炼方法。在身体上，设计了各种瑜伽姿势来使人的身体结实、强壮，有协调性，练习这些体位能使脊柱变得柔软健康，血液更通畅地到达各器官、腺或人体组织，从而使身体各系统更健康穹在精神上，瑜伽使用呼吸法和冥想使心境平和、澄净，精神得到很好的修养。但是专家们很快指出瑜伽不是一种宗教，而是将健康与平和的心境结合在一起的一种生活方式。 ? YOGA?IN?AMERICA? (Douglas?Dupler)? 瑜伽在美国道格拉斯 ·多普勒 Yoga?originated?in?ancient?India?and?is?one?of?the?longest?surviving?philosophical?systems?in?the?world.?Some?scholars?have?estimated?that?yoga?is?as?old?as?5,000?years;?artifacts?detailing?yoga?postures?have?been?found?in?India?from?over?3,000?B.C.?Yogis?claim?that?it?is?a?highly?developed?science?of?healthy?living?that?has?been?tested?and?perfected?for?all?these?years.?Yoga?was?first?brought?to?America?in?the?late?1800s?when?Swami?Vivekananda,?an?Indian?teacher?and?yogi,?presented?a?lecture?on?meditation?in?Chicago.?Yoga?slowly?began?gaining?followers,?and?flourished?during?the?1960s?when?there?was?a?surge?of?interest?in?Eastern?philosophy.?There?has?since?been?a?vast?exchange?of?yoga?knowledge?in?America,?with?many?students?going?to?India?to?study?and?many?Indian?experts?coming?here?to?teach,?resulting?in?the?establishment