- 10
- 0
- 约1.05万字
- 约 9页
- 2017-06-09 发布于河南
- 举报
动词不定式英语
动词不定式
动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。有些动词不定式不带to,动词不定式可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语或单独使用。
一、用作主语
直接把动词不定式置于句首的情况不多,多数情况用it作形式主语,把真正的主语——动词不定式置于句末,特别是不定式短语较长时(有时在不定式的前面还会用for sb.表示不定式的逻辑主语)。动词不定式作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首,复合不定式结构作主语常置于句末。如:
1、把不定式置于句首。如:
To get there by bike will take us half an hour.
2、用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后,常用于下列句式中。如:
①It+be+名词+to do
Its our duty to take good care of the old.
②It takes sb + some time +to do
How long did it take you to finish the work?
③It+be+形容词+for sb+to do 逻辑主语
It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition a quarter of an hour.
④It+be+形容词+of sb+to do
“It is stupid of you to write down everything”, the teacher says.
注意:在③中,常用表示客观情况的形容词,如:difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary 等;在④中,常用careless, clever, good, foolish, honest, kind, lazy, nice, right, silly, stupid, wise等 表示赞扬或批评的词,强调对人的评价。在不定式前的sb,可看作其逻辑主语。这一句式有时相当于Sb is+形容词+to do句式 ,如:Its kind of you to help me with my English.=You are kind to help me with my English.
⑤It seems(appears)+形容词+to do
It seemed impossible to save money.
3、带疑问词的不定式短语作主语
How to solve the problem is hard for him.
二、用作表语
动词不定式作表语,常说明主语的内容、性质、特征,通常放在连系动词(主要是be动词)后。如:
1.The best way to improve your English is to join an English club.
2.The first thing is to greet the teacher.
注意:不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作;动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。
Our work is serving the people.
三、用作宾语
1.可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有:要求、选择、同意(ask, choose, agree),期望、决定、学习(expect, hope, decide, learn),宁可、假装、知道(prefer, pretend, know),希望、想要、愿意(wish, want, would like / love)。如:
1)We decided to talk to some students about why they go there.
2)He prefers to eat white bread and rice.
3)I’d love to visit Mexico
2.动词decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell...,介词结构on...可用疑问词带to的不定式短语作宾语,但why后面的不定式不带to。如:
1)Could you please tell me where to park my car?
2)It gives advice on what to do in lots of different situations.
注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时,谓语动词用单数。
The question is how to put it into practice. 问题是怎样把它付诸实施。
3.动词feel, find, make, think等
原创力文档

文档评论(0)