研究生英语综合教程(上)Unit_2精选.pptVIP

Reading More – Vocabulary in Action 9. Like French cuisine, the French economy still holds the occasional surprise. “hold” means _______ in the sentence. 10. But the basic problems of bureaucracy, taxes and social reluctance to change remain a burden for everyone. “reluctance” means _____________ in the sentence. have unwillingness Practical Translation 1. 融合法 融合法是指翻译时把主句和定语从句融合成一句简单句，其中的定语从句译成简单句中的谓语部分。由于限制性定语从句与主句关系较紧密，所以，融合法多用于翻译限制性定语从句，尤其是 there be 结构带有定语从句的句型。 定语从句的翻译（2） 原句中的主句部分there is a man 翻译成“有人”，然后将定语从句译成句子的谓语部分。 1) There is a man downstairs who wants to see you. 楼下有人要见你。 2) In our factory, there are many people who are much interested in the new invention. 在我们工厂里，许多人对这项新发明很感兴趣。 3) Being OK with risk is something that industry demands. 企业要求员工能承受风险。 原句中的主句部分there are many people 翻译成“许多人”，作译文的主语，然后将定语从句译成句子的谓语部分。 与其将从句处理成带“的”的前置定语“接受风险是企业要求的东西”，或是后置的分句“承受风险，那是企业要求的”，都没有将主从句相融合译得更简洁紧凑。 2．转换法 有些定语从句从形式上看是定语从句，但从意义上分析却具有状语从句的性质和功能。翻译时应分析原文主句和从句之间的逻辑关系，然后译成相应的分句。 1) As hardworking as Dog was, he could not keep up with demand so his customers often had to wait a long time to be served. 尽管狗子工作非常努力，可他还是无法满足顾客们的需求，所以他们只能等很长时间。 上例英语定语从句被译成汉语的结果状语从句。 2) He would be a rash man who should venture to defy world public opinion and act arbitrarily. 如果有人公然反抗世界公众舆论而一意孤行，他定是个鲁莽之徒。 3) I met your mother, who was doing shopping at the supermarket. 你母亲在超市买东西时，我遇见了她。 上例英语定语从句被译成汉语的条件状语从句。 这里，将英语定语从句译成汉语的时间状语从句。 4) He insisted on building another house, which he had no use for. 他坚持要再造一幢房子，尽管他并无此需要。 5) He is collecting authentic material that proves his argument. 为了证明他的论点，他正在收集确凿的材料。 6) I could not recognize her, who had changed so much in the past 10 years. 我几乎认不出她了，因为在过去10 年中，她变得太多了。 这里，将英语定语从句译成汉语的让步状语从句。 这里，将英语定语从句译成汉语的目的状语从句。 这里，将英语定语从句译成汉语的原因状语从句。 Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese. Paragraph One The decline goes well beyond recent surve