Course on Glasses-012液态金属发展进程.ppt

“Physics of Glasses, Amorphous Solids and Disordered Crystals” Prof. Miguel Angel Ramos ? PROGRAMME ? 1. INTRODUCTION TO NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS Introduction. Definitions. Types of disorder. Amorphous solids and glasses. ? 2. PREPARATION METHODS AND APPLICATIONS OF AMORPHOUS MATERIALS Melt quenching. Melt spinning. Splat cooling. Thermal evaporation. Chemical vapour deposition. Sol-gel processes. Irradiation. Pressure-induced amorphization. Applications of amorphous materials. 3. THE GLASS STATE AND THE GLASS TRANSITION a) The glass transition phenomenon: Thermodynamic and kinetic aspects. Is the glass transition a true thermodynamic phase transition? The Kauzmann paradox. The Angell’s classification: Strong and fragile glass-forming liquids. Relaxation processes in glasses and supercooled liquids. b) Old and current theories for the glass transition. The energy landscape. ? 4. STRUCTURE OF AMORPHOUS SOLIDS The Zachariasen model of Continuous Random Network. Experimental techniques: X-ray and neutron diffraction. The radial distribution function. Short-range and intermediate-range order. The First Sharp Diffraction Peak. “Physics of Glasses, Amorphous Solids and Disordered Crystals” Prof. Miguel Angel Ramos ? PROGRAMME ? 5. ATOMIC DYNAMICS IN AMORPHOUS SOLIDS Consequences of the lack of long-range order. Experimental techniques: Raman, Infrared and Brillouin spectroscopies. Inelastic neutron and X-ray scattering. The “boson peak”. Computational methods and molecular dynamics simulations. ? 6. LOW-TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS Universal “glassy anomalies” at low temperatures. Specific heat. Thermal conductivity. Acoustic and dielectric properties. The Tunnelling Model. The Soft Potential Model. ? 7. OTHER FAMILIES OF GLASSES AND DISORDERED CRYSTALS Quasicrystals. Plastic crystals and orientational glasses. Biomolecules and “Soft Matter”. ? BIBLIOGRAPHY ?Fundamental textbooks: ? ? S. R