Linux下的多进程编程(fork,exec...)（国外英文资料）.doc

Linux下的多进程编程(fork,exec...)（国外英文资料） (1) understand the structure of the process under Linux Linux under a process there are three parts of the data in memory, is the data, stack and code, actually learned assembler language people must know, general CPU like I386, had the three segment registers, to facilitate the operation of the operating system. Code, as the name implies, is to store the program code of the data, if the machine has a process is running the same a program, then they can use the same A code segment. The stack segment contains the return address of the subroutine, the parameters of the subroutine, and the local variables of the program. The data section holds the global variables of the program, the constants, and the data space allocated by the dynamic data (such as the space used by functions like malloc). There is a lot of detail in this, and this is limited to space. If the system runs several identical programs simultaneously, they cannot use the same stack segment and data segment. (2) how to use fork The system call that produces a new process under Linux is the fork function, which is called bifurcation in English. Why the name? Because a process is running, if the fork is used, another process is created, and the process is split, so the name gets a good image. Lets look at how to use fork concretely, which demonstrates the basic framework for using fork: Void main () { Int I; If (fork () = = 0) / * the child process program * / For (I = 1; I 1000; I + +) Printf ( This is child process ); } The else { / * parent process * / For (I = 1; I 1000; I + +) Printf ( This is process process ); } } Once the program is running, you can see that there is a thousand messages printed on the screen that alternate between the child and the parent. If the program is still running, you can see that there are two of them running in the system using the ps command. So what happens when we call this fork function? A program calls the fork function, the syste