新托福考试阅读练习材料：A Scientist in the Locker Room.pdfVIP

智 课 网 托 福 备 考 资 料 新托福考试阅读练习材料：A Scientist in the Locker Room 提高自己的运动能力难道只能靠长期的、不间断的训练而已么?下 面的新托福考试阅读练习材料为我们提供了一条新路。 How do you improve at any sport? You train, train, train. But how you train is just as important as how much. Armed with the science of exercise physiology, today’s olympic-class coaches design sophisticated programs for their athletes. A muscle is like an engine, and the fuel it runs on is the chemical ATP. Our bodies have three separate systems for creating this fuel however. Exercise physiologists pay close attention to how an athlete’s ATP is produced. The phosphocreatine system gives an athlete lots of ATP very fast, but it’s only good for about ten seconds before it needs to recharge. The second system, called glycolysis, provides a more steady supply, but too much glycolysis can make the muscles inefficient. The third system, called aerobic metabolism, burns fats and sugars to make ATP. Aerobic metabolism is best for long term endurance, but it’s slow to get going, and, like the other systems, it also runs out of steam. Olympic trainers take these systems into account. A long- distance runner should use aerobic metabolism for as much of her ATP as possible. To ensure this, she’ll be tested on a treadmill to measure her threshold of aerobic metabolism. The trainer then develops a training program which will increase it. On the other hand, a weight lifter should use his phosphocreatine system, which provides maximum ATP in short bursts of time. His work- outs will build up the enzymes of this system, as well as build up his muscles. That’s just one way athletes can get a boost from the science of exercise physiology. 译文： 你怎样才能在体育运动方面有所提高呢?你不停地锻炼。 但是你怎样锻炼与锻炼量的多少同样重要。以运动生理学为指导， 今天奥林匹克级别的教练为他们的运动员设计了一系列复杂的程序。 肌肉就像一个引擎，它的燃油是化学物质三磷酸腺苷，我们身体 有3个制造这种“燃油”的独立系统。运动生理学家门密切关注了一个 运动员三磷酸腺苷是怎样形成的。 磷酸肌酸系统能够非常快的为运动员提供许多三磷酸腺苷，但是在