农地流转正外部性内在化研究_3.docVIP

农地流转正外部性内在化研究 摘要： 研究 目的：农地流转有助于实现土地规模化经营，进而使农地转入方获得额外利益而不必对转出方进行补偿的现象—农地流转的正部性，农地流转正外部性的存在造成 农村 土地市场上农地供应数量不足的 问题 ， 影响 了农村土地市场的建立和完善 .因此采取相应的 方法 使农地流转正外部性的内在化，实现农村土地市场上的供需平衡，有着重要的意义；研究方法： 经济 分析 法和 理论 分析法；研究结论：通过对农地流转正外部性产生的原因及表现形式进行分析后，发现农地转出者的经济利益没有得到完全实现，是造成市场供应不足的主要原因，故而应当由农地流转中的受益者（转入方）向农地转出方，在经济上给与一定数量的补偿 .同时运用成片发包和优先权等的制度设计，提高农地流转实现规模化经营的可能性 . 关键词： 农地流转 正外部性 内在化 优先购买权 农地互换 Abstract: The purpose of the paper: the transfer of the contractual right of land is helpful to develop scale operation step by step, the external economy is a phenomenon that the buyer can obtain extra benefit and needn?t compensate the seller in the transfer of the contractual right of land. The external economy leads to the insufficient supply of the farmland in the rural land market and is disadvantageous to the establishment and the consummation of the rural land market. So it is significant to correct the external economy by using some corresponding methods, then realizes supply and demand balance in the rural land market; Means of theoretical analysis and economical analysis was employed; The conclusion: the reason of insufficient supply of the farmland is that the seller?s benefit don?t obtained the complete realization, so the system which buyer gives seller subsidy in economy is established to correct the external economy; At the same time farmland should be send in large scare, and the nEighboring farmland?s peasant-household should have the priority to obtain the contractual right of land, so as to increase the possibility to develop scale operation. Key word: the transfer of the contractual right of land external economy correction the priority right farmland exchange 十六大报告中指出：“坚持党在农村的基本政策，长期稳定并不断完善以家庭承包经营为基础、统分结合的双层经营体制 .有条件的地方可按照依法、自愿、有偿的原则进行土地承包经营权流转，逐步 发展 规模经营 .”十六届三中全会上进一步指出“农户在承包期内可依法、自愿、有偿流转土地承包经营权，完善流转办法，逐步发展适度规模经营 .”可见农地流转已经得到了党和国家的认可和支持，并把土地流转作为促进农地规模化和 现代 化经营，进而实现邓小平同志提出的农村改革第二次飞跃的路径选择 . 现阶段土地的有序、合理流转不仅面对着农村土地承包经营权产权缺陷的制约，还受到城市化水平不高，城市吸纳农村剩余劳动力的能力有限及农业比较效益