村民自治背景下乡村关系失范的宏观体制根源_0.docVIP

村民自治背景下乡村关系失范的宏观体制根源 摘要：随着村民自治的实施与推进， 中国 乡村 社会 形成了以国家行政管制和村民自治为核心 内容 的”乡政村治” 政治 格局。按照制度文本上的规定，乡镇政府是 农村 最低一级政权，村民委员会是群众性自治组织，二者之间是”指导-协助”关系。然而，现实中乡村关系却存在着失范乃至冲突的一面。这种状况，严重制约了乡镇行政职能的有效履行和村民自治的健康 发展 。本文通过对乡村关系现状的 分析 ，以”国家与社会”关系为视角，着重从 理论 上分析了乡村关系失范的宏观体制根源。本文分为四个部分：第一部分，导论。提出 问题 ，梳理相关的 研究 现状，界定本文的基本概念以及解释框架。第二部分主要介绍乡村关系失范的表现，分别从乡镇的视角和村委会的视角予以审视，认为乡镇政府对村委会的过度干预、村委会的附属行政化是当前乡村关系的主要难题。第三部分是文章的重点，着重探讨了乡村关系失范的宏观体制根源，主要包括国家的农村发展战略、压力型行政体制、权力与利益的自我膨胀性、制度供给的短缺、现行的财税制度、党政关系等六个方面。最后一部分为结论与思考。 关键词：村民自治；乡镇政府；村民委员会；乡村关系；宏观体制根源 Abstract ：With the practice and development of the villagers’ self-governance, China’s rural society has formed a new political structure “township administration and villager autonomy “. According to the institution and text, the township government is the basic-level government of China and the villagers’ committee is an autonomous organization of villagers under the township government. However , there exist some irregularities and even conflicts between the township and the villagers. This seriously confines the efficient perform of the executive function of the township government and the healthy development of the villagers’ self-governance. Through the analysis on the current situation in the relationship between the township government and the villagers, in the sight of the relationship between “nation and society”, my essay emphasizes on the macroscopic systematic sources of it. This essay is composed of four parts. Part one is an introduction, which comes up with the questions, reviewing the studies of relative topic, defining the fundamental concepts and the research approaches. In the part two, I will introduce some displays of the irregularities between the township government and the villagers ‘ committee. I found that the administrative over-control of the township government and the executive subordination of the villagers’ committee is the main difficulty. Part three is the main body of the essay. I analyze the reasons o