初中英语状语从句.docVIP

[初中英语]认识?状语从句及语法习什么是状语从句？　　用一个句子（从句）来作另一个句子（主句）的状语，用作状语的句子就叫作状语从句。作什么样的状语就叫什么类型的状语从句。例如：条件状语从句就是用一个句子来作条件状语。二、状语从句的分类。? （1）时间状语从句用法要点? 凡是从句都必须有引导词，引导时间状语从句的词有when，before，after，until，as soon as，while 等，具体用法如下：? 1. when 意为“当……时”，引导时间状语从句，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生。例如：? I feel very happy when you come to see me. 你（们）来看我时，我感到很高兴。? When you are crossing the street，you must be careful. 你（们）过街道时，一定要小心。? when引导的时间状语从句，when的从句可以用延续性动词，也可以用点动词。eg.? He was working at the table when I went in. 当我进去的时候，他正在桌旁工作。? Someone knocked at the door when I was sleeping. 当我正在睡觉时，有人敲门。? I will visit my good friend when I have time. 当我有空儿时，我将去看望我的好友。? I worked for a foreign company when I was in Shanghai. 当我在上海时，我为一家外国企业工作。? 注：when也可以作并列连词，表示一个动词正在进行的时候，突然间发生了另外一件事。eg.? I was fishing by the river，when someone called for help.? 我正在河边钓鱼，就在那时有人求救。? We were working in the chemistry lab，when the lights went out.? 我们正在化学实验室工作，突然灯都熄灭了。? 2. before 意为“在……之前”，引导时间状语从句时，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。例如：? We cleaned the classroom before we left school yesterday.昨天离开学校之前，我们打扫了教室。? He had been a cook before he went to college . 他上大学前曾当过厨师。? after 意为“在……之后”，引导时间状语从句时，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。例如：? After you use plastic bags，you mustnt throw them about. 你（们）用过了塑料袋之后，不准到处乱扔。? He called me after he had finished his work. 他在工作完之后给我打了个电话。? 注：若主句和从句两个动作发生的先后顺序十分接近，那么也可以不用完成时态，例如上面的第二句可改成：He called me after he finished his work.? 3. since引导的时间状语从句，译为“自从……”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。eg.? We have made many dumplings since we began to cook. 自从我们开始做饭起，我们已经包了许多饺子了。? We havent seen each other since we parted. 我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。? 注：常用句型：It is +时间段+since从句?? 译为：自从……有多长时间了。eg.? It is six years since she graduated from the university. 自从她大学毕业已有六年的时间了。? 4. until 意为“直到……时”，引导时间状语从句时，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。? 当主句的谓语动词是持续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式；当主句的谓语动词是非持续性动词时，从句常用否定形式，not…until… 意为“直到……才……”，这时的until可以用before 来替换。例如：? Ill stay here until you come back. 我会呆在这里，直到你回来。（stay表示的动作可以持续）? He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework.他直到做完作业才睡觉。