绿建筑基地乔木绿化树冠遮荫防热之研究AStudyofTreeCanopy.PDFVIP

第十一屆營建工程與永續能源研討會 綠建築基地喬木綠化樹冠遮蔭防熱之研究 陳海曙*(Chen, Hai-Shu) 柯俊佑(Ke, Chun-You) 中國科技大學建築系所 中國科技大學建築研究所 摘要 目前我國大多建築規劃設計時 ，對基地內既有喬木不重視而將其移除或砍伐， 造成原有環境喬木形成的遮蔭功能、蒸散作用 消失，讓 基地微氣候及都市熱島問 題逐漸惡化。基地喬木遮蔭可創造環境冷卻效果，對減輕都市熱島及節能減碳有 所助益，因此喬木綠化設計應考量樹冠遮蔭冷卻之機能與其種植策略。目前國內 有關基地喬木熱環控的研究不多，提高喬木遮蔭防熱設計策略探討也欠缺。 本研究依據喬木不同樹形外觀，進行喬木地面與牆面樹冠遮蔭防熱實地調查 實驗 。結果顯示，水平地面遮蔭 表面溫度降溫效果，高闊密喬木溫 差為28.5℃ ， 高闊稀喬木溫 差為21.5℃ ，兩種喬木相差 7℃。垂直牆面遮蔭 表面防熱效果，低 樓層喬木遮蔭比高樓層無喬木遮蔭溫差 平均值高 4.6℃。水平地面之遮蔭 防熱效 果 以樹冠濃密度影響最明顯，其次是樹冠寬闊度；垂直牆面之遮蔭 防熱效果則以 樹冠高低度較為重要 。 關鍵字： 綠建築、都市熱島、樹冠遮蔭、喬木綠化 A Study of Tree Canopy Shading for Green Building Site Thermal Control Abstract In the early time, due to ignoring the importance of existing trees in a building site, the most of the trees were cut off in the design stage, that resulted to the lost of solar shading and evaporation effect of the site, and caused the change of local microclimate and deterioration of urban heat island effect. In fact, the tree shade creates the cooling effect for the building site which do help the mitigation of heat island effect and energy saving. Consequently building tree design should develop a strategy of tree planting for better canopy shade and site thermal cooling effect. Currently the research papers about site tree thermal control is few, and the design strategies of tree shading for building cooling also limit. In this study some field measurements regarding to different type of tree and their canopy shade effect and thermal response both horizontal and vertical plane are conducted. The study results show that the tree canopy with large size and dense leaf will produces better solar shading effect. The temperature cooling differences among them are from 28.5℃ by high and wide and dense cano