【2017年整理】四六与级应试技巧1：写作训练.ppt

大学英语四、六级考试 写作知识与技巧  四、六级作文的考试要求 1. 考生应在30分钟内，根据题目要求及写作提纲或规定情节，图表等写出120/150字以上，语言比较规范的短文。 2. 要求“内容切题，包括提纲的全部要点，表达清楚，文字连贯。句式有变化，句子结构和用词正确。” 正确无误的句子标准 1.???保持句子结构完整。 2.??首字母要大写。 3.?结尾要有句号或问号或感叹号或省略号。 4.??句子应表达一个完整的意思。 5.??句子前后要符合逻辑推理。 6.??主语为代词时要指代明晰。 ?? 7.句子时态要正确，主要指前后一致或符合 上下文场景。 常见问题 1. 句子不完整 Because smoking will do harm to one’s health. People should try not to smoke. People should avoid smoking cigarettes because it will do harm to their health. 2. 主谓不一致 例如: Average number of hours a student spend on the Internet keeps increasing very fast. 应改为：The average hours a student spends on the Internet keep increasing rapidly. 3.句子不间断 I have a brother, he thinks that “6” and “8” are lucky numbers to Chinese people. 两个分句之间缺乏关联此，仅用逗号连接。尽管在现代英语中，用逗号连接两个分句的情况越来越常见，但是在正式的文体中，还是要尽量避免出现此类句子。 I have a brother who thinks that “6” and “8” are lucky numbers to Chinese people. ? ? 4. 时态混乱 There are almost no car on the road. Maybe the drivers got careless. There was almost no car on the road at that time, so the driver must have been very careless. 5.??? 逻辑混乱 1）修饰语错位 She put the scarf around her neck that she bought yesterday. She put around her neck the scarf that she bought yesterday. 2) 悬垂修饰语 所谓悬垂修饰语是指句首的短语所修饰的成分没有明确指出，造成句子逻辑关系的混乱。 To do well in college, high marks are essential. To do well in college, a student needs high marks. 6. 中式英语 考生作文中经常出现英语汉化的现象，即中式英语的问题。比如Man is iron, and food is steel, Women are half side sky 等说法。如何克服中式思维带来的影响，关键在于动笔前先思考一下类似的英文句式，尽量找到规范的英语表达方式，不能随心所欲。 This is because fake commodities can make a lot of money. 中文口语中，我们用“假货可以赚很多”来表达“通过生产或销售假货，人们可以赚很多钱”的意思。但这不符合英语的表达习惯，fake commodities 作make a lot of money 的逻辑主语，会让人难以理解。 This is because one is likely to make a lot of money by producing or selling fake commodities. 四级作文使用率最高的12个基本句式 ?????????1．表示原因 ????1）There are three reasons for this． ?2）The reasons for this are as follows． ?3）The reason for this is obvious．?4）The reason for this is not far to seek．