【2017年整理】张维与友英语词汇学教程.pptVIP

Lexicology;Why do we learn this chapter?;2.1 The Indo-European Language Family;the East set;the Western set;2.2 Three Phases of the Historical Development;2） Middle English （1150-1500） English, Latin,French Until 1066, although there were borrowings from Latin, the influence on English was mainly Germanic. But the Norman Conquest started a continual flow of French words into English. By the end of the 13th century, English gradually come back into public areas. Between 1250 and 150 about 9000 words of French origin come into English. 75% of them are till in use today. 特点： fewer inflections, leveled ending;3） Modern English （1500-up to now） early modern English （1500-1700） late modern English（1700-up to now） The Renaissance, Latin and Greek were recognized as the languages of the Western world’s great literary heritage. The Industrial Revolution was in the mid-17 century. With the growth of colonization, British tentacles began a stretching out of to every corner of the globe, thus enabling English to absorb words from all major languages of the world. After World War II, many new words have been created to express new ideas, inventions and scientific achievements. More words are created by means of word-formation. ;2.3 General Characteristics;2.5 Growth of Contemporary English Vocabulary;Coin 创造 Source 来源 Changing 变化 Life-style 生活方式 Breed 繁殖 Astrobiology 太空生物学 Shuttle 穿梭机 Earthrise 地出 Orbit 轨道 Retrovirus 逆转录酶病毒 Surgery 外科手术 Fallout 放射尘 Irradiation 放射 Atomic 原子的 Megavitamin 大量维生素 Soy milk 豆奶 Granny glasses 金框眼镜 ;Pant suit 喘气装 Hip hugger 拥抱 Punk rock 朋克摇滚 Soul music 黑人乐 Talk shows 谈话节目 Boob tube 电视机 Petropolitics 石油政治 Watergate 水门 Stagflation 物价上涨 Demand-pull 通货膨胀 Open university 开放大学 Pass-failing grade 传递失败等级 Telequiz 电视问答 Chairperson 主席 Girlcott 妇女抵制 Mary Jane 大麻 ;Soft drug 软毒品 Head shop 店 A host of 一大群 Cuisine 菜肴 Stir frying 炒 Pita bread 疲沓面包 Tahini 芝麻酱 Felafel 沙拉三明治 Nationalist 民族主义者 Mao jacket 人民装 Nehru jac