备战中考：初三英语“定语从句”考点讲解.docVIP

备战中考：初三英语“定语从句”考点讲解 　　【考点扫描】 　　中考对定语从句的考查主要集中在以下几个方面： 　　1．定语从句的功用和结构 　　2．关系代词和关系副词的功用 　　3．各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法 　　考查的主要形式是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也要用到定语从句。 　　【名师精讲】 　　一. 定语从句的功用和结构 　　在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。例如： 　　This is the present that he gave me for my birthday. 　　Do you know everybody who came to the party? 　　I still remember the night when I first came to the village? 　　This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived. 　　二. 关系代词和关系副词的功用 　　关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系待客做主语，宾语，定语，关系副词可作状语。 　　1. 作主语：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。例如： 　　I donrsquo;t like people who talk much but do little. 　　The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well. 　　2. 作宾语： 　　She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday. 　　The book that my grandmother gave me is called ldquo;The Great Escaperdquo;. 　　3. 作定语 　　关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。例如： 　　Whatrsquo;s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor? 　　The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard. 　　4. 作状语 　　Irsquo;ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing. 　　This is the house where I was born. 　　三. 各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法 　　1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。例如： 　　nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; The person who broke the window must pay for it. 　　nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever. 　　2. whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。例如： 　　nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate？ 　　nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Mr Lee (whom) you want to see has come. 　　3. whose 指人，在定语从句中作定语。例如： 　　nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today. 　　nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; I know the boy whose father is a professor. 　　4. which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如： 　　nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words. 　　nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday. 　　5. that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如： 　　nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Irsquo;ve read the newspaper that(which)