【2017年整理】英语与写作常见错误commonerrors.ppt

Ⅰ Run-on Sentences( 串句） 串句是在没有连接词或标点符号的情况下，将两个独立的单句串在一起。 “ 逗号割裂” 逗号不可以连接两个独立的句子；句号和分号可以。 Example: The exam was postponed, the class was canceled as well. Three Ways to Avoid Run-on Sentences Period and a Capital Letter( 句号 + 大写） Comma and a joining word ( 逗号 + 连接词） Semicolon （ 分号 ） 例句： The exam was postponed. The class was canceled as well.( 句号 + 大写） The exam was postponed, and the class was canceled as well.( 逗号 + 连接词） The exam was postponed; the class was canceled as well.( 分号） Ⅱ Fragmentary Sentences ( 破句 )  有些所谓的句子，或无主语，或无谓语动词。仅仅是单词的堆砌，无法表达一个完整的意思。 从属连词引起的破句（从属连词引导的从句不能单独成一个句子） Which is a good thing. 破句 改正方法：增加主句；删除连接词 He told me a story which is a good thing. It is a good thing. Ⅱ Fragmentary Sentences ( 破句 )  -ing 分词和不定式引起的破句 He works ten hours a day. Then going to class for two hours. 改正方法：添加主语，把 -ing 变为动词的正确形式； being 改为 be He works ten hours a day. He goes to class for two hours. He works for ten hours a day and then goes to class for two hours. 增加细节引起的破句 由于增加一些由 for example, such as, including 等细节引起的破句缺少主语或是谓语动词。 One of my greatest joys in life is eating desserts. Such as cake or ice cream. 改正方法：把破句与前边具有完整意义的句子连接起来；为破句增加主语或谓语动词。 One of my greatest joys in life is eating desserts, such as cake or ice cream. 缺少主语的破句 改正方法：把破句与前句相连；增加适当主语。 He went to the refrigerator to get milk. And discovered no milk left. He went to the refrigerator to get milk and discovered no milk left. Exercise: p36 Ⅲ Faulty Parallelism(Faulty Coordination 错误平行结构） 平行结构是把两个或两个以上意思并列的成分用同等的语法形式来表达。 反之则为错误平行结构。 A student needs books, notebooks, and he needs pens. A student needs books, notebooks and pens. 改正错用的并列连词 And who and which 应尽量避免使用；除非前面已经出现由 who which 引导的从句。 eg. Tom, a wise boy, and who is my friend, is from U.K. Tom, who is a wise boy, and who is my friend, is from U.K. Tom, a wise boy and my friend, is from U.K. Ⅲ Faulty Parallelism( 错误平行结构 多项平行 把一组词连续的排列起来，使意思和结构保持平行。 When we arrived home, we unpacked our suitcases, took showers,