【2017年整理】英语与写作常见错误例析(介词用法).doc

英语写作常见错误例析(介词用法) ? 学生在写作中用错介词的情况主要有以下几类： 一是多用介词：多用介词可能是受汉语意思的影响将及物动词误用作不及物动词，也可能是受相关结构的影响而用错。 二是漏用介词：漏用介词可能是受汉语意思的影响将不及物动词误用作及物动词，或是受相关结构的影响的影响而用错等。 三是错用介词：错用介词的情况比较复杂，可能是因受汉语意思的而错，也可能是因弄不清搭配关系而错，可能是混淆用法而错，也可能是受相关结构的影响而错，可能是忽略语境而错，也可能是想当地用错。 请看以下具体实例： 误用：The only people with whom he could discuss about the plan were those who knew of it already. 正确：The only people with whom he could discuss the plan were those who knew of it already. 说明：由于 discuss 为及物动词，后接宾语时无需用任何介词，所以误用句中的 about 为多余的。 句意：可以同他一起讨论计划的最合适人选是那些对计划已经了解的人。 ? 误用：If you mention about my name to the door-keeper he will let you in. 正确：If you mention my name to the door-keeper he will let you in. 说明：由于 mention 为及物动词，后接宾语时无需用任何介词，所以误用句中的 about 为多余的。 句意：你要是对看门人提我的名字，他会放你进去的。 ? 误用：Thirty thousand pounds’ worth of jewellery has been stolen from Jonathan Wild and Company, the jewellers. The thieves broke into the flat above some time during Sunday night and entered into the shop by cutting a hole in the ceiling. 正确：Thirty thousand pounds’ worth of jewellery has been stolen from Jonathan Wild and Company, the jewellers. The thieves broke into the flat above some time during Sunday night and entered the shop by cutting a hole in the ceiling. 说明：enter 表示“进入”某个具体的地方时是及物动词，所以后接宾语时无需用任何介词，即误用句中的 about 为多余的。 句意：珠宝商店乔纳森?威尔德公司价值三万英镑的珠宝被盗。窃贼约在星期日夜间某时潜入楼上的一套房子，然后在商店的天花板上挖洞进入商店。 ? 误用：She met and eventually married with a man considerably younger than herself who claimed to be a pilot with Air France. In point of fact he was a chauffeur working for a car-hire firm. 正确：She met and eventually married a man considerably younger than herself who claimed to be a pilot with Air France. In point of fact he was a chauffeur working for a car-hire firm. 说明：动词 marry 可以表示“与……结婚”，即其后直接跟“某人”，无需借助任何介词，即误用句中的 with 为多余的。 句意：她遇上了一名年龄比她小得多，并自称是法国航空公司飞行员的年青人，并最终与之成婚。实际上，他只是个租车公司的司机。 误用：Eventually she divorced with Stephen. It was a pity she had not done so earlier. 正确：Eventually she divorced Stephen. It was a pity she had not done so