计算机专业英语(第二版)Chapter11.ppt

Computer English Chapter 11 Database Management 英文论文引言的写作技巧 英文论文引言的写作技巧 英文论文引言的写作技巧 英文论文引言的写作技巧 英文论文引言的写作技巧 英文论文引言的写作技巧 英文论文引言的写作技巧 英文论文引言的写作技巧 英文论文引言的写作技巧 In the hierarchical approach, each relationship must be explicitly defined when the database is created. Each record in a hierarchical database can contain only one key field and only one relationship is allowed between any two fields. This can create a problem because data do not always conform to such a strict hierarchy. The rivets in a wing, for example, might be identical to the rivets in the fuselage. 在层次方法中，当创建数据库时必须明确定义每个关系。层次数据库中每个记录只允许有一个关键字段，且任意两个字段间只允许有一种关系。因为实际数据并不是总符合这样一个严格的层次关系，这就可能产生一个问题。例如，机翼上的铆钉可能与机身铆钉完全相同。 11.2 Database Models Examples of commercial database products that use the hierarchical model are IBM’s IMS and Cullinet’s IDMS. 使用层次模型的商业化数据库产品有IBM的IMS和Cullinet 的IDMS。 11.2 Database Models 11.2.4 Other Database Models There are several other database models that are worth a brief mention. We have already mentioned the text model. 11.2.4 其他数据库类型 还有其他一些数据库类型值得一提的。我们已经提到过文本模型。 11.2 Database Models The network model creates relationships among data through a linked-list structure in which subordinate records can be linked to more than one parent record. This approach combines records with links, which are called pointers. The pointers are addresses that indicate the location of a record. With the network approach, a subordinate record can be linked to a key record and at the same time itself be a key record linked to other sets of subordinate records. The network model historically has had a performance advantage over other database models. Today, such performance characteristics are only important in high-volume, high-speed transaction processing such as automatic teller machine networks or airline reservation system. 在连接表结构中，下级记录可以与不只一个父记录链接，网络模型通过连接表结构建立数据之间的关系。这种方法把记录与链接结合起来，其链接叫做指针。指针是指示记录位置的地址。有了网络方法，下级记录可以与关键记录链接，且同时它自身作为关键记录与其他下级记录相链接。历史上网络模型已表现出优于其他数据库模型的优势。今天，这种特性只在高容量、高速度