非谓语动词简析.pptx

非谓语动词--Non-Finite Verbs;谓语：说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。(有人称、数、时态和语态的变化) He works. He takes care of the baby. He will go to Shanghai. He didn’t go to Shanghai. He has gone to Shanghai. You are students. You look smart. ;非谓语：在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。(无人称，数的变化，有时态和语态的变化；不单独作谓语，保留动词特点，可以有宾语或状语) Its nice to meet you. To lose heart means to fail. I saw him cross the road. The child has nothing to worry about. Reading aloud is very helpful.? They went to the park, singing and talking. Praised by the neighbors, he became the pride of his parents.; ; 动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用，在句子中作主语、表语、宾语、定语、宾语补足语和状语。 形式：to + 动词原形 一般式 （not） to make 完成式 （not） to have made 进行式 （not） to be making;(不定式作主语时，谓语用单数。常用it 作形式主语，把不定式放在谓语后面。) It took us two hours to finish the job. 完成这项工作花了我们两个小时。 The head teacher said it was necessary to talk with his mother. How to make requests politely is important. Sometimes they have disagreements, and decide not to talk to each other. His parents tell him never to drive after drinking. It is impossible for us to get there on time. It is very kind of you to help us. ;Note（不定式的复合结构）: It is+ adj. of / for sb. to do sth. 结构中，当不定式的逻辑主语和前面的形容词可以构成系表结构时，用of, 否则用 for. compare：It is brave of you to do that. It is easy for you to do that. ;The question is how to put it into practice. My question is when to leave. His dream is to be a doctor. Her work is to look after the babies. 她的工作就是照看小孩。 To see is to believe. 眼见为实 Note：不定式在句中作表语时，对应的谓语动词用单数。;（1）动词+不定式 He managed to escape from the jail. I find it hard to get along with him.（it 作形式宾语） 我发现和他相处很难。 Note：下列动词通常用不定式作宾语：want, try, hope, wish, need, forget, promise, refuse, help, decide, begin, start, learn, agree, choose等 （2）“特殊疑问词+不定式”相当于名词，作宾语。 I don’t know what to do next/ how to do it next. I can’t decide when to go there. Note：不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后，用it 作形式宾语。 I find it necessary to learn a foreign lang