第1讲-材料的应用与发展-2011(国外英语资料).docVIP

第1讲-材料的应用与发展-2011(国外英文资料) Engineering Materials Science Application and development of materials School of materials: Yang Guangyu Chapter 1 application and development of materials Materials and human civilization New technology revolution and materials Connotation and extension of materials Material criterion Concepts of materials science and Engineering Application and failure of materials The purpose and requirements of this course (1) material and human civilization On earth, human beings depend on material, energy and knowledge to live and survive. And in this three Human beings differ greatly from other animals. (1) although all animals are made of matter, they all need food to keep alive Life, but, Man is an animal that can make and use tools of production.. People are animals, and the difference between human beings and other animals --- species difference is the above statement Attributive. Material is needed when making tools; not all substances can be used in tools Read, you can define the material: Materials are substances that can make useful devices for human beings.. Similarly, the material belongs to the material, and the attribute in the statement is the difference. Historians have used materials to classify history, such as the stone age, the pottery age, the bronze age, and the iron age,....... Primitive people gradually used natural materials, such as stone, bones, wood, hides, etc., to make tools, weapons, shelter, clothing, supplies, etc., this era is called the stone age. Later, it was found that the clay with good plasticity was heated and hardened, thus making pottery and entering the pottery age. This is a milestone in the history of human evolution, as human wisdom has evolved to transform natural materials into artificial materials. With more energy, man reduced copper and iron ore to copper and iron, thus entering the bronze age and the iron age, respectively. (2) the second important difference between human beings and other animals is