肺炎(国外英语资料).docVIP

肺炎(国外英文资料) Pneumonia is a lung inflammation caused by various pathogens or other factors. It is a common respiratory disease in childhood. Severe pneumonia is one of the leading causes of death in infants and young children. [pathogeny] 1, viruses and bacteria are the main pathogens of this disease, and a few are caused by fungi. In the past, adenovirus was common. Recently, adenovirus infection had a downward trend, while RSV increased to the first place. Other pneumonia such as parainfluenza virus, influenza virus, rotavirus and other infections were also reported. Many of the bacteria causing bronchopneumonia are secondary to viral infection and primary to bacterial infection. The common bacteria are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic streptococcus, Escherichia coli and so on. Haemophilus influenzae can also cause pneumonia, and other bacterial infections are rare. Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia is more common in older children, while fungal pneumonia is more common in children who are abused by antibiotics for a long time, and those who are weak in adrenal hormone. 2. Predisposing factors Children with upper respiratory tract physiological factors, nasopharynx, trachea and bronchial stenosis, mucus secretion, ciliary movement, lung tissue perodifferentiated, elastic fibers developed, compensatory ability is poor, less alveolar interstitial growth, so the gas containing less blood, these features are more prominent in infancy. In addition, the immune function is not fully developed, so it is easy to suffer from tracheal pneumonia. The influence of disease and the health status of the body is closely related to the occurrence of pneumonia. Especially malnutrition, rickets and other chronic diseases, the body resistance, immunity under the circumstances, prone to disease. Environmental factors, such as climate change, indoor ventilation, air pollution etc.. [pathogenesis] Pathogenic factors can invade the lungs through blood channels, and c