英语语法+实用英语语法笔记(2).docxVIP

关于英语那些你不知道的事都在这里/test/quwen.aspx?tid=16-73675-0She lets her child have his own way. She is spoiling him. 她不管她的孩子。这是在把他惯坏了。(结果)注：①不用进行时的动词：⑴表示事实状态的动词,如have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等。⑵表示心理状态的动词,如know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate等。⑶瞬间动词,如accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等。⑷系动词,如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn等。②一般现在时说明事实,一般不带感情色彩;现在进行时与always, often, frequently等词连用时带有感情色彩。例如：He always asks questions. 他总是提问题。(无感情色彩) He is always asking questions. 他老爱提问题。(表示强烈的感情色彩)8、现在完成进行时(1)构成：第三人称单数由has been + 动词的现在分词;其他人称和数由have been + 动词的现在分词。(2)用法：1)表示动作从过去开始一直延续到现在,可能刚刚终止,也可能仍然在进行。例如：I’ve been waiting for you since eight o’clock in the morning. 我从早上8点钟一直在等你。It has been raining for three hours. 雨一直下了三个小时了。2)有些动词不能用于现在进行时,如be, have, like, love, know, see, hear等,这些词同样也不能用于现在完成进行时。例如： I haven’t seen you for ages. 我好久没见到你了。I have loved her for a long time. 我一直爱她。3)现在完成时表示到现在为止已经完成的动作,强调结果;而现在完成进行时强调动作的持续性,强调“一直”,往往表示动作仍未结束。例如：I have been reading this novel. 我一直在读这本小说。(我仍然在读)I have read two novels. 我已读过两本小说。(可能刚读过,也可能很久以前读的)9、过去进行时 (1)构成：由助动词be 的过去式 + 现在分词构成。其中be有人称和数的变化,第一、第三人称单数用was,其他用were.(2)用法：1)过去进行时动词主要表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或持续进行的动作。过去进行时经常与过去时配合使用。例如：This time yesterday, we were having an English lesson. 昨天这个时候,我们正在上英语课。While we were having supper, all the lights went out. 我们吃饭的时候,灯灭了。The teacher was giving us a lesson when Tom walked into the room. 老师在给我们上课时,汤姆走进教室。2)过去进行时动词常用always, continually, frequently 等词连用,表示过去经常发生的行为。这种用法表明带有的感情色彩。例如：The two brothers were frequently quarreling when they were young. 两兄弟小时候常吵架。In Qing Dynasty, China was always making concessions to western powers. 清朝时,中国总是对西方列强妥协。3)过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作延续的时候,另一个短动作发生。(3)常用的时间状语有this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, whil