无人机放线经性分析.docVIP

无人机放线施工经济性分析 Economic Analysis on the release line construction by the UAV 摘要： 输、配电线路施工，需投入大量人力，人工成本高；在施工过程中，对既有设施、树竹、经济农作物造成的损坏较多，引发的摩擦多，尤其在高海拔山区，难度更大：为了减少电力输电线路放线施工人力输出和工时，减少了对线路走廊内的树竹砍伐、经济农作物破坏等经济损坏，降低施工安全风险，近来，开始使用无人机展、放线施工技术。运用作业成本法、价值工程法，对无人机展、放线和人工展、放线两种施工方案进行对比分析。无人机展、放线比采用人工展、放线的价值系数高，成本降低期望值也低。无人机担当“电力放线工”，替代人工进行展、放线施工作业，省时、省力、降成本，安全、可靠、经济、便捷。 Abstract: the construction of transmission and distribution power line needs to invest a lot of manpower what costs high labor; and the construction might damage the existing facilities, bamboo, economic crops, and cause more friction, more difficult especially in the high altitude mountains: in order to reduce the manpower output and hours of the power transmission line stringing construction, reduce the economic damage to the line corridor like that the tree felling, or economic crops destroyed, reduce the risk of construction safety, recently, Construction technology of exhibition and release line by UAV has been used. Using activity based costing, value engineering method, the two kinds of the exhibition and release line construction schemes are compared by the manpower or UAV. The value coefficient by UAV is more higher, the cost by UAV is more lower and the expected value by UAV is more lower than the manpower. When UAV plays the power line workers, line construction work could save time, effort, cost reduction, safe, reliable, economical and convenient by the manpower. 关键词：无人机；放线；施工；经济分析 Keywords: UAV, release line, construction, economic analysis 0 引 言 长期以来，电力输电线路架设中展放导线、放线紧线工作大都先采用人工放牵引绳，再用牵引绳带动导线，让导线沿杆塔展放好，再在杆塔上收紧导线。这种施工方法需要大量的人工，还需要人行走廊，会损坏农作物、砍伐树木，山区、河流、湖泊难度更大。 近年来，开始使用无人机放线技术，方便快捷、施工水平在不断总结提高，技术方案也不断完善，安全风险系数在降低、经济效率高；特别是在线路走廊长、地形复杂、地势险要的地区，或者在农田、果园等经济作物生长区，通航的河道，复杂的交通、跨越区，使用无人机展、放线施工，无人机担当“电力放线工”， 替代人工进行展、放线施工作业，效果更加显著。由于该项技术应用时间不长，其安全性、经济性还没有得到广泛认识，尤其是经济性还停留在感性阶段，大都还没有进行深入的定量分析。该文通过对无人机放线方法的介绍，采用作业成本法和价值工程法分析，清晰地阐述了该方法的优越性、先进性、经济性，值得广泛推广应用。 1无人机放线概况 1.1无人机参数性能 六旋翼电力架线无人机，价格约2万元（见图1）。相关参数及