高考英语短文改错考点总结之缺词考点非常有用.docVIP

高考英语短文改错考点总结之缺词考点 一、缺一介词 ① 有些动词后有时有介词，有时没有介词，可能混淆而缺一介词。如：attend a meeting, 但 attend ∧(to) the patient; prepare breakfast, 但 prepare∧ (for) the exam; join us, 但 join∧(in) a game. ② 表语形容词通常具有动词意义，很可能误以为是动词而漏掉介词。如：be afraid ∧(of) nothing, be present ∧(at) the meeting, be sure ∧(about) it。 ③ except, instead of, from, since, till, until 后面可跟另一介词词组充当介词宾语，可能会漏掉第 2 个介词。如： He came on foot instead of ∧ (by) bike. A big bear ran out from ∧ (behind) a tree. ④ hundreds, thousands 等后面可能漏掉 of。类似的还有millions ∧ (of), dozens ∧ (of), scores ∧ (of) ? 二、缺一连词 ① 汉语常用意合法，分句与分句之间往往不用连词，但英语里不行。如： It began to rain, ∧ (and) they had to stop the match. (如果中间用分号可不用连词) It was late, ∧ (so) we went home. You like sports, ∧ (while) I’d rather read. He looked for the key, ∧ (but) didn’t find it. ② 受汉语影响，并列动词词组之间可能缺一个and。如： She smiled ∧ (and) said good-bye to her father. ③ 名词性从句 that分句置于句首或作同位语时不可缺少连词。如： ∧ (That) she is beautiful is known to us all. We heard the news ∧ (that) our team had won. ④ even 后可能缺少 if 或 though。如： He walks as ∧ (if 或 though) he were drunk. ? 三、缺一代词 ① 充当定语从句主语的关系代词不能缺少。如： The accident ∧ (that) happened yesterday was very serious. ② 英语中用来替代前面的“the + 名词”的 that(单数)和 those(复数)，在汉语中往往很可能漏掉。如： The population of China is much larger than ∧ (that) of Japan. These shirts are expensive, but∧ (those) which we saw the other day were even more expensive. 四、缺一助动词或连系动词 be ① 表语不是名词时，可能缺少连系动词 be，因为汉语在这种情况下不用“是”。如： He ∧ (is) afraid of his father. The match ∧ (is) over. ② 被动语态中缺少助动词 be，成了主动语态。如： He has ∧ (been) asked to sing in English. ③ 完成体中缺少助动词 have，成了一般过去时。如： We realized that we ∧ (had) lost our way. They ∧ (have) lived here since 1980. ④ 在倒装句中缺少助动词或情态动词。如： Hardly ∧ (had) I reached the bus stop when the bus started. Seldom ∧ (do) I get invited into the office alone. Only in this way ∧ (can) you learn English well. ? 五、缺一冠词 ① 在 such 或 so + 形容词与单数可数名词连用时，不可缺 a (an)。如： He is such ∧ (an) honest boy that all of us like him. This is so good ∧ (a) book that I read it again. ② 表示“有些”时，little, few前