初中英语语法在完成时解析与练习.docVIP

现在完成时态 现在完成时态的概念 结 构 形 式 1表示在过去不确定的时间里发生过或者未发生过的动作对现在产生的响。表示开始于过去的动作最近刚结束. （表示“影响结束”） A 现在完成时的肯定句 主语（第一、二人称单、复数）+ have 主语 （第三人称单数） + has + 过去分词 主语 （第三人称复数） + have B 现在完成时的否定句 主句+ have / has + not + 过去分词 C 现在完成时的一般疑问句 Have/ Has + 主语 + 过去分词 D 现在完成时的特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句+ have / has + 主语+过去分词 2 表示过去开始，持续到现在，而且还可能继续下去的动作或状态。常与表示一段时间的状语连用。 （表示“继续”） 现在完成时态1的句型： 时间状语：（already， just ，ever ，never， before ，since ，yet， once ) already just用于肯定句 never/ yet 用于否定句疑问句 ever 用于肯定句和疑问句 A 现在完成时的肯定句 I have ever bought lots of books about Western customs. He has ever been to the Great Wall already They have seen the film already. B 现在完成时的否定句 The Sam have never been to Canada since the day they left. Eric hasnt got his air-tickets yet. C 现在完成时的一般疑问句 Have you ever read the magazines ? Yes , I have . No, I havent. Has he killed Snow White yet ? Yes, he has. No ,he hasnt. D 现在完成时的特殊疑问句 How long have you been here ? How many times have you been to the Great Wall? Which book have you read ? 现在完成时态2句型： A表示过去开始，持续到现在，而且还可能继续下去的动作或状态。常和表示一段时间的状语连用。 this week/month lately in the past few days these days since during the last two weeks since then since 2 days ago So far for a long time up to now till /until now 1 I ve known him since my childhood. 2 She has been in this school since 2007. 3 He has lived in Beijing for 3 years. 4 I have stayed in the hotel for two weeks so far . B 表示从过去到现在之间曾经历过的事情。常和以下的词连用。 often never ever once twice since before three times He has never ill in his life . I have been to the Summer Palace We have visited your school before . 使用现在完成时态的注意事项 A 现在完成时与一般过去时 现在完成时与一般过去时都表示在过去做的动作，但现在完成时强调这动作与现在的关系，如现在产生的结果、影响等。而一般过去时则只表示过去的事实，不表示和现在的关系。所以 ，一些表示过去固定时间的状语只能与一般过去时连用，而不能与现在完成时连用。如句中有ago ,last 或 有when引起的问句都不能与完成时连用。 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别举例 I have cleaned my room three days ago. × I have cleaned my room three days ago. √ I have visited your school before. √ I bought a red car.