棉种检测分选系统研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 棉种是棉花生产的基础，棉种质量直接关系到棉田产量的进一步提高和棉花纤维品质的提 升。随着棉种加工机械化程度不断提高，破损籽粒增多，影响了棉种的总体质量，阻碍了棉花产 业的发展。 本文以棉种为研究对象，针对破损籽粒研究有效的检测算法，构建棉种分选控制系统以期实 现棉种动态图像信息的获取及破损棉种的剔除。主要工作如下： 1. 搭建了动态检测分选系统试验平台，由溜槽、喷嘴、电磁阀、卸料机构组成。溜槽式棉 种输送机构能使棉种沿溜槽顺序下滑，使其抛出轨迹与喷嘴位置相对应，且溜槽角度可 0～90 ° 调节，能够使棉种滑落速度与相机采集图像的行频实现匹配，试验证明其结构合理，调节方便。 2. 研究了基于线阵摄像机的动态图像信息采集技术，分析了棉种大小和形状特点，利用面 积特征进行破损棉种识别，识别正确率达 92% 。基于Visual C++开发了棉种检测分选系统应用软 件。 3. 完成了控制系统硬件设计及软件编写。经过检测算法识别将图像处理结果发送至 PLC 中的存储空间，设置与每一个溜槽对应存储空间的指针，PLC 通过指针判断检测结果来执行分选， 实现了动态检测试验。 分选试验结果为：吹离准确率为 94.3%，分选精度为 86.4%，不合格棉种选出率为 78%，带 出比为 1:1。 关键词：线阵摄像机，破损棉种，检测分选，图像处理 I Abstract Cottonseed is the basis of cotton production. The quality of cottonseed is directly related to enhance cotton production and improve the quality of cotton fiber. With the increasing mechanization of cottonseeds processing, damaged seeds are growing quickly and affecting the overall quality of cottonseeds seriously. Cottonseeds were selected as object. For damaged seeds, this paper focused on an effective detection algorithm to inspect damaged seeds efficiently and designed a high-speed sorting system to achieve the stability of image acquisition and removing of damaged seeds quickly. 1. A set of cottonseeds sorting system which consists of frame, chute, nozzle, solenoid valve and so on was designed. Conveyor can make cottonseeds sliding down from the chute one by one. The chute angle can be adjusted from 0 to 90 degrees in order to make cottonseed speed match the line rate of line scan camera. The outcomes of inspection showed that this system was a reasonable and effective way to remove damaged seeds. 2. Study image acquisition based on line scan camera. Cottonseeds detecting