英国历史提纲.docxVIP

History of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandI. The Founding of the Nation 1.1Early Settlement 1.2Roman Britain (55 BC - 410 AD) 1.3Anglo-Saxon Times (5th -8thcentury) 1.4The Danish Invasion (8thcentury -1066 ) 1.5Norman Conquest (1066 - 1381)II. The Feudal Society2.1 House of Normandy (1066-1154)2.2 House of Anjou / House of Plantagenet (1154-1485)2.3 Hundred Years’ War with France (1337－1453) 2.4 Wars of Roses (1455-1485)2.5 Religious Reformation2.6 The Civil War (1642-1651)2.7 Restoration and the Glorious Revolution (1660-1689)III. Modern Britain 3.1 The British Empire (1689-1960s)3.2 Britain in the World Wars 3.3 Britain since World War III. The Founding of the Nation1.1 Early Settlement 1.1.1 Prehistoric Period (history undocumented)5,000 BC Iberians (no written records) (Stonehenge 巨石阵)1.1.2 Celtic Britain (8th—5th Century BC)from Upper Rhine Land of northwest EuropeGaels盖尔人(around 8th century BC)Britons布立吞人(around 6th century BC): — The name of BritainBelgae比利其人Celtic Language(Irish Gaelic盖尔语, Scottish Gaelic, Welsh)1.2 Roman Britain (55 BC— 410 AD) First two invasions by Julius Caesar in 55 BC and 54 BCThird and successfulRoman invasion of Britainby Claudius I In 43 ADEngland and Wales had been a part of the Roman Empire for nearly 400 yearsnever really conquered Caledonians 古苏格兰人In 122-126, Hadrian’s Wall (120km) to keep back the Caledonians and Picts RetreatGermanic attack in Rome (Germanic Saxon tribes) repeated attacks from the Picts and ScotsPicts: the original British Celts (in North and East of England); earlier than ScotsScots: Celtic people from northern Ireland; invaded the south-west of Britain in 6th century AD, → the name of ScotlandGreat Roman InfluenceRomans brought Christianity to England and help it to spread.Capable administrators good builders Roman roads; towns and citiesUrban life style and cultureof the English upper class were completely romanized.1.3The Anglo-Saxon Times/Germanic Invasion (5th -8