句子成分和主从合句的导入.doc

句子成分和主从复合句的导入 Ⅰ：句子成分的综述 句子的成分指构成句子的各个组成部分，即词、词组或从句在句子中的各种语法意义。句子成分一般有实词充当，如：名词，代词，实义动词，形容词，副词，数词。虚词只起辅助和联系作用，不能单独充当句子成分，如：冠词，介词，连词，情态动词，助动词，系动词。句子成分主要有主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、补语。另外，一些句子还有一些其他的成分如：同位语、插入语、呼语等。 Ⅱ：各种成分在句子中的表示方法 一：主语：subject 主语是指句子谈论的主题，也就是句子中的动作、行为、性质或状态的主题。表示所说的是谁或是什么。可作主语的结构有：名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词或分词、从句；常置于句首。表示方法“==” 1：名词作主语： Every coin has two sides. Every cloud has a silver side. Failure is the mother of success A journey of ａthousand miles begins with a single step Blessed is the man who expects nothing ,for he shall not be disappointed. 2：代词作主语： we are studying in No.1 senior high school, Luyi. He that travels far knows much . No one is born wise or learned. Nothing is impossible for a willing heart. I have nothing to offer but blood ,toil tears and sweet. 3：数词作主语 Two will be enough . One and four is five . 4：不定式作主语 To see is to believe . To idle away one’s time amounts to killing oneself . It takes two to make a quarrel . It’s great to be a great man , but it’s greater to be a true man. It’s not easy to find happiness in ourselves , and it’s not possible to find it elsewhere. 5：动名词作主语 Smoking is bad for you. Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass. Setting a goal is half victory while you compete with others . Studying everything, studying any time and studying anywhere lead one to success. It’s no need worrying about our future . It’s no use doing what you like ;you have got to like what you do. It’s murder wasting other people’s time ;it’s a slow suicide wasting one’s own time. 6：名词化的形容词或分词 The young should respect the old . The unemployed usually lead a hard life . The dead are dead ,but the living should remember and thank them for ever. 7：从句作主语 When he will come back isn’t known now . It’s my belief that we should take part in after-school activities Well known is it that ambition can creep as well as soar . 常见错误分析 1：名词化的形容词或分词作主语时谓语常用复数 选择： The rich ＿becoming more and more rich ,but the