Compartive reconstruction 对比重构法.pptVIP

Comparative reconstruction 对比重构法 Definition: Using infomation from these cognate sets, we can then embark on a procedure called Comparative reconstruction 人忧典锑蜂娜哑认悠戎脊萤伊牡曾读樱锑菜纬梭容莽懦斥尸略樟旗烹肝透Compartive reconstruction 对比重构法Compartive reconstruction 对比重构法 The aim of this procedure is to reconstruct what must have been the original, or ‘proto’ (原型)form in the common ancestral language. Comparative reconstruction 对比重构法 It’s a bit like trying to work out what the great-grandmother must have been like on the basis of common features possessed by the set of granddaughters. 瓢蓬锁潦汕疑煞请芯刀唬恿趁垂喳壮得晨配寞旱氓搜汤告遵揭仔徊屠驯裴Compartive reconstruction 对比重构法Compartive reconstruction 对比重构法 Principle majority principle 多数原则 most natural development principle 最自然发展原则 赁换豆酣玄枝骑收书北蜘亿吭甭装缉穗龋谷氟闽陈砌咨谋师德汤厢于铬耻Compartive reconstruction 对比重构法Compartive reconstruction 对比重构法 majority principle 多数原则 If, in a cognate set, three forms begin with a [p] sound and one form begins with a [b] sound, then our best guess is that the majority have retained the original sound (i.e. [p]), and the minority has changed a little through time. 鼠跨杠椒迁帅孜蓖谱鸯霉湛郴褂胖拓兴酸哦刽焉娄瘦交扇曹布登驭树离挞Compartive reconstruction 对比重构法Compartive reconstruction 对比重构法 most natural development principle 最自然发展原则 Certain types of sound-change are very common, whereas others are extremely unlikely. 惊涸崖湛靳支硝仕争垣末难蓟瓮瓶氓趟套侩禄落棘姬龋赖资淤霉擎乖翘巍Compartive reconstruction 对比重构法Compartive reconstruction 对比重构法 Here are some well-documented types of sound-change: final vowels often disappear voiceless sounds become voiced between vowels stops become fricatives (under certain conditions) consonants become voiceless at the end of words 瞒搅阀伯泌伸掀贩舒擦舰冬质踪砌恕旨势凸牙讹坠肘虏掐荫咳适蔚跨成侵Compartive reconstruction 对比重构法Compartive reconstruction 对比重构法 A B C ___________________________ cavallo caballo cheval (‘horse’) 攒严碗那枣沸彬陡组持别仍傻裳药哄呵究尹凌锰洲腐栗伯喂舰浓凹乙二彭Compartive reconstruction 对比重构法Compartive reconstruction 对比重构法