UNIT 十12Drilling and Milling钻削和铣削.pptVIP

第10次课;Unit 12 Drilling and Milling;1. Drilling and Drills;1. Drilling and Drills;1. Drilling and Drills;2. Cutting Tool for Drilling Operation;The function of the flutes is to provide outlet passages for the chips generated during the drilling operation and also to allow lubricants and coolants to reach the cutting edges and the surface being machined. Following is a survey of the commonly used drills. 出屑槽的功能是给钻削作业中产生的切屑提供排出通道，并允许润滑剂和冷却液到达切削刃和正在被加工的表面。下面是常用钻头的概述。 ;Twist drill. The twist drill is the most common type of drill. It has two cutting edges and two helical flutes that continue over the length of the drill body, as shown in Fig.12.1. The drill also consists of a neck and a shank that can be either straight or tapered. 麻花钻：麻花钻是最常用的钻头类型。它有两条切削刃和两条沿钻头体全长连续的螺旋状出屑槽，如图12.1所示。麻花钻还包括钻颈和钻柄，钻柄可以是直的也可以是锥形的。 ;In the latter case, the shank is fitted by the wedge action into the tapered socket of the spindle and has a tang, which goes into a slot( 插槽) in the spindle socket, thus acting as a solid means for transmitting rotation. 锥形钻柄通过楔入动作安装在主轴的锥形轴孔中，钻柄上还有柄舌插入主轴轴孔中的插槽，从而作为传递转动的可靠方法。 ;On the other hand, straight-shank drills are held in a drill crack that is, in turn, fitted into the spindle socket in the same way as tapered shank drills. 另一方面，直柄钻头用钻头卡盘夹住，接下来钻头卡盘则象锥形钻柄钻头一样安装在主轴轴孔内。;As can be seen in Fig.12.1, the two cutting edges are referred to as the lips, and are connected together by a wedge, which is a chisel-like edge. The twist drill also has two margins, which enable proper guidance and locating of the drill while it is in operation. 如图12.1所示，两条切削刃就是钻唇，通过凿子状边缘的楔形体连在一起。麻花钻还有两条导向边，用于作业中钻头的正确导向和定位。 ;The tool point angle (TPA) is formed by the two lips and is chosen based on the properties of the material to be cut. The usual TPA for commercial drills is 118°, which is appropriate for drilling low-carbon steels and cast irons. 两条钻唇形成钻顶角，并根据被钻削材料的性能来选取其大小。商品化钻头的钻顶角一般为118°，这适用于钻削低碳钢和铸铁。 ;For harder and tougher metals, such as hardened steel, brass and