宾语补足语讲解与练习.docVIP

宾语补足语讲解 一、定义： 宾语补足语通常紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语进行补充说明。 二、句子结构是： 主+谓+宾+宾补 三宾语补足语的词语形式有： 副词，形容，名词，介词短语，不定式(带to/不带to)，分词（现在分词/过去分词） 四、具体说明： （1）副词作宾语补足语 如：I found him in yesterday. （2）形容词作宾语补足语 如：We must keep our classroom clean. （3）名词作宾语补足语 如：We call them mooncakes. （4）介词短语作宾语补足语 如：I left my pen on my desk at home. （5）不定式作宾语补足语 如： She often asks me to help her. I often see him play football. 用不定式作宾语补足语的几种说明： ①help后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式可以带to也可以不带to。 如：I often help my mother(to) do some housework. ②在使役动词和感官动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。这些动词有：　 一感：feel；二听：hear, listen to；三让：let, have, make 四观看：observe, see, watch, look at 如：I saw the boy climb the wall（过程） 如： The boss makes the boy work day and night. 这类动词转为被动语态时，其后不定式符号to要重新加上去 (注意have没有被动语态)。 Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by his little sister.　　虽然经常是他弄哭小妹妹，但今天他却被小妹妹弄哭了 ③表示心理状态的动词（consider, think, believe, discover, find, imagine, judge, suppose, prove等）后接不定式to be+形容词或名词结构作宾语补足语。think, consider, find后的to be常可省略。　　 如：We consider him (to be) a good teacher.　　 如：He proved the theory (to be) very important.　　 （6）现在分词作宾语补足语，说明宾语是动作的发出者，形成逻辑上的主谓关系。 如：I saw the boy climbing the wall.（片段） （7） 过去分词作宾语补足语， 表示宾语是动作的承受者，构成逻辑上的动宾关系。 如：I saw an old man knocked down by a car just now. （8）“ with ＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。例如： 1、with + 宾 + 形 He left the room with the door open . 方式 2、with + 宾 +副 With the radio on , grandma slept deeply in the chair .伴随 3、with + 宾 + 过去分词 The man ws brought in with his hands tied behind his back. 方式 4、with + 宾 + 不定式 With this book to help you , you can finish your work qickly.条件 5、with + 宾 + 介词短语 The man left the meeting with a book in his hand . 伴随 6、with + 宾 + 现在分词 She fell asleep with the light burning.伴随 宾语补足语练习题 1. The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see  the next year.(NMET2000)  A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out 2. ----There’s a hole in y