John Fowles 法国中尉的女人.pptVIP

Postmodern literature Postmodern literature arose after World War II as a series of reactions against the perceived norms of modernist literature. Both modern and postmodern literature represent a break from 19th century realism, in which a story was told from an objective or omniscient point of view. In character development, both modern and postmodern literature explore subjectivism, turning from external reality to examine inner states of consciousness, in many cases drawing on modernist examples in the stream of consciousness styles of Virginia Woolf and James Joyce. Unlike postmodern literature however, modernist literature saw fragmentation and extreme subjectivity as an existential crisis or a Freudian internal conflict. In postmodern literature this crisis is avoided. The tortured, isolated anti-heroes of Samuel Beckett, and the nightmare world of T. S. Eliots The Waste Land, make way in postmodern writing for the self-consciously deconstructed and self-reflexive narrators of novels by John Fowles. As with all stylistic eras, no definite dates exist for the rise and fall of postmodernisms popularity. 1941, the year Irish novelist James Joyce and British novelist Virginia Woolf both died, is sometimes used as a rough boundary for postmodernisms start. Another common divide is the end of the Second World War, which saw a critical assessment of human rights in the wake of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. It also coincides with the beginning of the Cold War, the American Civil Rights Movement (1955-1968) and the beginning of movements which worked towards: (a) the end of Colonialism, (b) the Partition of India, (c) the 1947 UN Partition Plan, and (d) the development of Postcolonial literature . John Fowles (1926 — 2005)，a famous British author in the literary world, born in a small town not far from London 1926. His father is a tobacco businessman, mother is a teacher. To escape the bombing of Nazi Germany during World War II, his family moved