Barriers to Intern的ational Trade.pptVIP

Barriers to International Trade Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. What is International trade exchange of capital, goods, and services across international borders or territories. In most countries, it represents a significant share of gross domestic product (GDP).  Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. P1. The difference between the total payments of a country to other countries and its total receipts from other countries is its balance of payments. 一国对其他国家的总支出与其从他国的总收入之间的差异称国际收支差额。 More specifically, the balance of payments is the summary of a country’s financial transactions with other countries—including imports and exports ( balance of trade ) , long term overseas business investments in plants and equipment, government loans to and from other countries, gifts and foreign aid to and from other countries, military expenditures made in other countries, and money deposits and withdrawals in foreign banks. 更具体地说，贸易差额就是一国与其他国家之间的贸易总额包括进口与出口（贸易差额）、对国外工厂和设备的长期投资、进出其他国家的政府贷款、进出其他国家的馈赠和外援、在他国的军费开支，以及在外国银行的存款与提款。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. International trade is carried out by both businesses and governments. Sometimes, however, trade barriers are created. These barriers affect the willingness and the ability of firms to sell to one another in foreign markets. Generally speaking, the major obstacles to trade among nations are natural barriers, tariff barriers and non-tariff barriers. 国际贸易由企业和政府双轨进行。但有时会构筑贸易壁垒。这些贸易壁垒影响到企业到国外拓展市场的愿望和彼此之间进行贸易的能力。总的说来，各国之间主要的贸易障碍有自然壁垒、关税壁垒和非关税壁垒 carried out –fulfill, perform e.g. I have carried out my plan. -see to “carry on” Evaluation