高考阅读中的判断推理题.docVIP

高考阅读中的判断推理题 英语阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意，这就是判断推理题。 做推理判断题时，最忌讳的是主观臆断，以偏概全，不能只注意表象，而要究其本质，要从文章本身的内容出发，认真分析词、句及段落间的逻辑关系，尤其要善于抓主题句，这样才能正确地解答阅读理解题。推断题一般包括两大类：（１）暗指题，即作者的言外之意，一般只能从字里行间获得信息；（２）推理题，必须从文段出发，以事实为依据，但得出的结论又绝对不是文章中所给出的事实本身。 推理题经常使用的提问方式有： 1.The author implies (suggested)that … 2.We can infer from the passage that… 3.It may be concluded from the passage that … 4.Which of the following statements does the passage support ? 5.According to the passage ,which of the following is true (false)? 6.With which of the following does the author agree ? 7.What does the passage say about …? 推理判断是一种创造性的思维活动，但它并非无章可循。一般判断题可归纳成以下几种： （一）细节推断题 在解答此类题时，我们首先应该在文章中找到问题涉及到的有关信息，找出关键词，在确定了推理依据的范围之后，仔细阅读，以便真正理解文意，然后进行推断。针对细节的推断有时候可能是某一句话的正确理解或释义，有时候可能是从某一句中推断出未知的事实。 例题１ Over the years ,insurance companies have offered new kinds of insurance protection .The new kinds of insurance cover losses from accidents as car and phone crashes(坠毁).Today ,most people have some kind of insurance. 1.Which of the following statements is not correct? A.Only a few people buy some kind of insurance . B.Benjamin Franklin helped set up the first American fire insurance company C.Many insurance companies were founded after the first insurance company D.If a man buys life insurance ,he has to pay small sums of money regularly 此题为细节判断题，此段最后一句话可得，从Today ,most people have some kind of insurance 分析，选项A与次话相违背，因此正确答案为A 。 例题２ …Armstrong won the Tour de France in 1999.Since then he has won it every year---taking the crown for the sixth time last month and entering the record books as the first man to achieve such a feat. The passage was written in ______. A.1999 B.2002. C.2003 D.2004 答案为D。此题为细节判断题。根据Armstong won the Tour de France in 1999,Since then he has won it every year---taking the crown for the sixth time last month .可知，Armstong 在1999 年夺得环法自行车比赛冠军。随后每年他都成功卫冕，可知短文写于2004年。 （二）因果推断题 要求考生根据已知结果推测导致结果的可能原因或根据已有的原因推断可能导致的结果。考生要准确掌握的内涵，理解文章的真正含义，最关键的是要找准事物间存在的因果关系，根据已有信息，进行分析、