线粒体铁代谢的研究李宽钰.docVIP

线粒体铁代谢的研究 杨硕菲，周 迪，夏海燕，李宽钰* （南京大学医学院，江苏省医学分子技术重点实验室，南京210093） 摘 要: 线粒体铁代谢的研究主要包括两个方面：1. 铁在胞质和线粒体之间的转运和调控；2. 铁硫簇和血红素在线粒体内的合成。目前关于线粒体铁的转入认为主要是与mitoferrin1/2（MFRN1和MFRN2）和ABCB10有关，运出可能与ABCB6和/或ABCB7有关，转运和调控的具体机制不是很清楚，推测与某种含有铁硫簇的信号分子有关。哺乳动物铁硫簇的合成可以发生在胞质和线粒体内，以线粒体为主；已知的与铁硫簇合成相关的蛋白达二十多种，其中FXN，ISCS，ISD11和ISCU被认为是核心组分。血红素的合成起始和终止发生在线粒体内，终止步骤为亚铁螯合酶将铁插入原卟啉IX，同时该酶活性又依赖于铁硫簇。因此，铁硫簇的合成与调控是线粒体铁代谢的核心，也是整个细胞铁运作的核心。 关键词：线粒体；铁硫簇合成，血红素，铁转运 Mitochondrial iron metabolism Yang Shuo-Fei, Zhou Di, Xia Hai-Yan, Li Kuan-Yu* （Medical School of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing 210093） Two aspects of mitochondrial iron metabolism are included: 1. iron trafficking and communication between cytosol and mitochondria; 2. Iron-sulfur clusters (Fe-S) and heme biogenesis in mitochondria. Recent investigations have identified a host of mitochondrial proteins that may play roles in the homeostasis of mitochondrial iron. For instance, mitoferrins 1 and 2 (MFRN1 and MFRN2) and ABCB10 are thought to be involved in iron trafficking from cytosol to mitochondria, while ABCB 6 and/or 7 are in reverse direction of iron trafficking. The detailed trafficking and regulation remain unknown, whereas it is suspected that a Fe-S protein as an iron sensor involved communication between mitochondria and extramitochondria. Mammalian Fe-S biogenesis is thought to occur mainly in mitochondria, as well as in cytosol. Totally more than 20 proteins are currently found to be involved in Fe-S cluster biogenesis, four of which, ISCS, ISD11, ISCU, and FXN, are considered to be core components of the machinery. Initiation and termination of heme biogenesis take place in mitochondria. And the last step is iron insertion into protoporphrin IX by ferrochelatase to form heme. Mammalian ferrochelatase activity is 2Fe-2S-dependent. Thus, Fe-S biogenesis and regulation play a vital role in mitochondrial iron metabolism and in whole-cell iron processing. Key words: mitochondria, iron-sulfur cluster b