轮机英语lesson 18.pptVIP

Lesson 18 Air Conditioning System空调系统 18.1 New words and expressions renewal 更新，恢复 thermostat 温度调节装置 pneumatic 空气的，气动的 alleyway 小巷， (船上的)通道 porthole 舷窗 filter 过滤；过滤器，滤波器 damper 起抑制作用的因素，节气闸 stuffiness 不通风，闷热 odor 气味，名声 louver 天窗，屋顶窗 18.2 Text Ships travel the world and are therefore subject to various climatic conditions. The crew of the ship must be provided with reasonable conditions in which to work regardless of the weather． 船舶周游世界会遇到各种各样的气候条件。不管天气如何，船员们必须在一个合适的环境中工作。 Temperature alone is not a sufficient measure of conditions acceptable to the human body．Relative humidity in conjunction with temperature more truly determines the environment for human comfort． 温度不是满足身体舒适要求的单一条件。相对湿度和温度一起能较为真实的反映人体舒适度的环境情况。 Relative humidity，expressed as a percentage，is the ratio of the water vapor pressure in the air tested，to the saturated vapor pressure of air at the same temperature． 相对湿度是一个百分数，系指被测空气中水蒸气分压与同温度下饱和水蒸气分压的比值。 The fact that less water can be absorbed as air is cooled and more can be absorbed when it is heated is the major consideration in air conditioning system design． 温度低的情况下，空气的吸水性能低；温度高，空气的吸水能力就强。这是空调设计应该考虑的主要问题。 Other factors are the nearness of heat sources，exposure to sunlight，sources of cold and the insulation provided around the space (Fig.18-1)． 其他的一些因素包括与热源的距离、在太阳光下的暴露、冷源以及空调间周围的绝热(图18-1)。 An air conditioning system aims to provide a comfortable working environment regardless of outside conditions． 空调系统的作用是不管外界的气候条件如何，都要提供一个舒适的工作环境。 Satisfactory air treatment must involve a relatively “closed” system where the air is circulated and returned． 好的空气处理系统一定包含一个相对封闭的系统，在这个封闭系统内空气循环流动。 However，some air is “consumed” by humans and some machinery so there is a requirement for renewal. 然而，空气在循环过程中被人和机械消耗掉一部分，因此需要对空气进行补充。 Public rooms and accommodation will operate with a reduced percentage of air renewal since the conditioning cost of 100％renewal would be considerable. 公共房间和处所应降低新风的比例，因为，若供入新风达到100％，空调费用将会非常大。 Air conditioning systems fa