肌学总论、脉管学神经系概述.pptVIP

Angiology 脉管学 天津医科大学解剖教研室 张崇智 Composition Cardiovascular system（CVS）心血管系统 Lymphatic system 淋巴系统 Composition The cardiovascular system The cardiovascular system Organization Heart 心:is a dynamic organ of the cardiovascular system. Artery 动脉 : carry blood away from the heart. Veins 静脉 : carry blood back to the heart. Capillary 毛细血管 Blood circulation Systemic circulation 体循环 left ventricle→aorta and its branches→capillaries of body →superior and inferior vena cava→right atrium. Pulmonary circulation 肺循环 right ventricle → pulmonary a. →capillaries of lung→pulmonary v.→right atrium. Vascular anastomosis 血管吻合 Anastomosis between arterial tranks. Anastomosis between veins. Arteriovenous anastomosis 动静脉吻合. Collateral vessels侧副管. Circulation侧支循环. The Arteries Bilateral symmetry 对称. The arteries of the trunk consist of parietal and visceral branches (壁支和脏支). Shortest possible course. Run on flexor surfaces. Together with the veins and nerves in a sheath of fascia to form neurovascular bundle(血管神经束). Arteries of pulmonary circulation Pulmonary trunk 肺动脉干. Arises from right ventricle. Bifurcates into right and left pulmonary arteries. Arterial lig动脉韧带: A fibrous cord which is connected between the left pulmonary a. and the concavity of the aortic arch, it is found as the ductus arteriosus in the fetus. Arteries of systemic circulation Aorta 主动脉 Ascending aorta 升主动脉 Aortic arch 主动脉弓 Descending aorta 降主动脉 Thoracic aorta 胸主动脉 Abdominal aorta 腹主动脉 Ascending aorta 升主动脉 Aortic sinus 主动脉窦 Branches：right and left coronary arteries. Branches of the Aortic arch (from R. to L.) Brachiocephalic trunk 头臂干 right common carotid a. 右颈总动脉 right subclavian a. 右锁骨下动脉 Left common carotid a. 左颈总动脉 Left subclavian a. 左锁骨下动脉 Arteries of head and neck Common carotid a.颈总动脉 External carotid a. 颈外动脉 Internal carotid a. 颈内动脉 carotid sinus颈动脉窦: acts as a pressure-receptor which is part of the blood pressure regulating mechanism. carotid body (carotid glomus)颈动脉小球: acts