如何做科研及设计实验.pdfVIP

魏晓华 加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚大学 (University of British Columbia) May 16-18, 2014; Kaifeng, China Objectives  How to design research?  How to deliver an effective presentation? Research Design  What are needed for a research scientist?  Importance of research design  Research questions and hypotheses  Experimental design and pseuto-replications  Three key points from FEM  Simulations: calibration and validation Difference between research, inventory and monitoring, and between SCI papers and technical reports To be a good scientist, what are important? To be a good scientist, what are important? (1) attitude is everything  Life attitude  Learning attitude  Work attitude To be a good scientist, what are important? (2): standing on shoulders of giants  What are “giants”?  Regularly reading more high-level English papers  Talking and listening to them  Being a part of good networks or teams To be a good scientist, what are important?(3)Team  No team, no great accomplishment  Small teams and big teams  The challenge is how to become a true team member  Conflict resolution skills  Caring about others’ interest and sharing fairly  Dynamic and long-term vision  A good contributor: working hard on your own part Importance of Research Design  Critique on ecological papers in 70s and early 80s  Lesson: example on paired watershed studies in China  Modeling: without it, “garbage in and garbage out”  Technologies are just tools; design is more important than tools  Chinese old saying: “磨刀不误砍材工” Key Elements of Research Design  Research questions or hypotheses  Design  Data collection and analysis Research Questions Hypotheses  You must have specific research questions  Selection of a scientific question is challenging  They must be doable, meaningful, d