新312第1章s区元素.ppt

Chapter 12s-block elementss区元素;General Aspects on Elements 元素化学概述;Classification of elements 元素的分类;Discovery of elements 元素的发现;Alchemy to Chemistry 从炼金术到化学;After Dalton 道尔顿之后;Formation of elements元素的形成;Abundance of elements in earth’s crust 地壳中元素的丰度;Beryllium, a rare element? 稀有元素——铍?;The abundant elements in China中国的丰产元素;Li;Occurrences of metals 存在方式;Recovery of Metals提炼方法(1);Recovery of Metals 提炼方法(2);The classification of metals金属分类;In engineering, metals can be classified as 按工程技术分;The properties of metals性质(1);The properties of metals性质(2);The chemical properties;reaction with oxygen (air)用;Ellingham diagram for oxides 埃灵罕姆(?rGm??T);Discussions to Ellingham diagram ;Why does silver occur naturally?;The extent of the oxidation reaction of metals is larger when the change of the free energy is more negative, so the oxide is more stable. The metals in the bottom of the diagram, which are easily oxidized, can replace the metals from their oxides ΔrGm?值越负，反应自发性越强，氧化物越稳定。所以，处于下方的金属(更易与氧化合,与氧结合力更强)可把处于上方的金属从其氧化物中置换出来。 Reduction with Al thermite process is possible in metallurgy. Ca, Mg, Si and Mn are the good choices. 冶金生产中可用铝热法。应用Ca、Al、Mg、Si、Mn等做脱氧剂。;A survey of the nonmetal非金属通论;The general properties of the nonmetals非金属的性质;Crystals of nonmetals 晶体类型;Versatile in structures 结构多样性;Perfect structures;chemical properties ;Close-test 例题;③K+、Ca2+等都无色，而Fe、Mn、Ti的离子却都有色。(水合离子）;③ Fe、Mn、Ti原子的外层电子构型中都有未成对d电子，而K+、Ca2+的原子的外层电子构型中则没有未成对d电子，因而无色。;s-block elementss区元素;Trends in Reactivity of s-block elements元素活泼变化趋势;Hydrogen氢;Use of hydrogen 氢的运用;The hazard of hydrogen氢的主要危险;The specialty of hydrogen in the periodic table 氢在周期表中的特殊性(1);The specialty of hydrogen in the periodic table 氢在周期表中的特殊性(2);Alkali metals 碱金属;The Preparation of Sodium 金属钠的制备;The electrolysis of fused sodium chloride电解食盐;Peculiarity of alkali metals 碱金属的特性 ; Alkaline earth metals include Beryllium铍, Magnesium镁, Calcium钙, Strontium锶, Barium钡. “Alkaline earth” comes owing to the basicity of the